Respiration and Ventilation Quiz
40 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What causes the VD/VT ratio to increase?

  • Increase in tidal volume (correct)
  • Increase in respiratory rate
  • Decrease in respiratory rate
  • Decrease in tidal volume

    • What happens to the oxygen levels in muscle around 50% of max work rate?

  • Oxygen levels increase
  • Oxygen levels fluctuate
  • Oxygen levels plateau (correct)
  • Oxygen levels decrease

    • What is the main cause of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH)?

  • Increased oxygen in the arterial blood
  • Less oxygen in the arterial blood (correct)
  • Decreased carbon dioxide in the arterial blood
  • Increased carbon dioxide in the arterial blood

    • What happens to the pressure at altitude compared to sea level?

    <p>Pressure is lower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of higher intensity exercise on arterial CO2 levels?

    <p>Arterial CO2 levels drop off</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the A-a (alveolar to arterial) PO2 difference during incremental exercise?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to venous blood saturation as workload increases?

    <p>Decreases and plateaus around 80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atmospheric pressure at sea level?

    <p>760 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of mild exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH)?

    <p>Arterial PaO2 reduced by 10 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the O2 mm Hg from gradients to travel from atmosphere to mitochondria?

    <p>Gradually declines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of hyperpnea?

    <p>Increased depth and rate of breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anatomical dead space in relation to body weight?

    <p>1mL/body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the triphasic response in relation to ventilation during exercise?

    <p>3 phases of response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the VD/VT ratio a measure of?

    <p>Gas exchange efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minute ventilation (VE) calculated as?

    <p>Frequency * Tidal volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'ventilatory drift' refer to?

    <p>Rise in ventilation after a period of exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physiological dead space attributed to?

    <p>Non-perfused alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor influencing the minute ventilation (VE)?

    <p>Work rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary gas exchange site in the lungs?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it not advisable to take a big breath every time?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of bronchodilation?

    <p>Decreasing resistance in airways with exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of peripheral chemoreceptors?

    <p>Detecting hypoxia and hypercapnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor influencing the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

    <p>Partial pressure of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing temperature on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

    <p>Shifts the curve to the right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of H+ that affects the body's acid-base balance?

    <p>Lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Haldane effect?

    <p>Kicking off CO2 from hemoglobin at the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the bicarbonate buffering system?

    <p>Maintaining blood pH levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of hyperpnea during heavy exercise?

    <p>Increased O2 to CO2 gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the a-vO2 difference in blood during submax steady-state exercise?

    <p>Levels off</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of hyperventilation?

    <p>Increasing O2 to CO2 gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for alveolar ventilation?

    <p>VA = (VT - VD) * frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of peripheral chemoreceptors?

    <p>Detect hypoxia and hypercapnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal blood pH at rest?

    <p>7.4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to shift to the right?

    <p>Increase in CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Haldane effect?

    <p>Kicking off CO2 from hemoglobin at the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of H+ in the body?

    <p>Lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hyperpnea refer to?

    <p>Hyperventilation during heavy exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the a-vO2 difference during exercise?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the bicarbonate buffering system primarily involve?

    <p>Chemical and respiratory buffers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing ventilation on acid-base balance?

    <p>Corrects acid-base balance by blowing off CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Exercise Physiology

    Respiratory System

    • The VD/VT ratio increases due to an increase in dead space ventilation
    • At around 50% of maximum work rate, oxygen levels in muscle decrease
    • Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) is primarily caused by a diffusion limitation

    Altitude and Pressure

    • At altitude, pressure is lower compared to sea level

    CO2 Levels and Exercise

    • Higher intensity exercise decreases arterial CO2 levels

    Gas Exchange

    • The A-a (alveolar to arterial) PO2 difference increases during incremental exercise
    • Venous blood saturation decreases as workload increases
    • Atmospheric pressure at sea level is 760 mmHg

    Exercise-Induced Arterial Hypoxemia (EIAH)

    • Mild EIAH is defined as a decrease in arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) of 3-5%

    Oxygen Transport

    • Oxygen (O2) mm Hg decreases from gradients to travel from atmosphere to mitochondria
    • Hyperpnea is defined as an increase in ventilation that exceeds metabolic demand

    Ventilation and Dead Space

    • Anatomical dead space is approximately 150 mL per 10 kg of body weight
    • The triphasic response refers to the three phases of ventilation during exercise
    • VD/VT ratio is a measure of dead space ventilation

    Minute Ventilation and Blood Gas Exchange

    • Minute ventilation (VE) is calculated as tidal volume (VT) x breathing frequency (f)
    • Ventilatory drift refers to the gradual increase in ventilation during prolonged exercise
    • Physiological dead space is attributed to the ventilatory response
    • The primary factor influencing minute ventilation (VE) is arterial PCO2

    Gas Exchange and Transport

    • The primary gas exchange site in the lungs is the alveoli
    • It is not advisable to take a big breath every time because it can lead to respiratory acidosis

    Bronchodilation and Chemoreceptors

    • Bronchodilation primarily functions to increase airflow
    • Peripheral chemoreceptors primarily function to sense changes in oxygen levels

    Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve

    • The primary factor influencing the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is pH
    • Increasing temperature shifts the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right
    • The primary source of H+ that affects the body's acid-base balance is metabolic production
    • The Haldane effect primarily functions to facilitate CO2 transport
    • The bicarbonate buffering system primarily involves the buffering of excess H+ ions

    Exercise and Acid-Base Balance

    • The primary cause of hyperpnea during heavy exercise is to compensate for metabolic acidosis
    • Hyperventilation primarily functions to compensate for metabolic acidosis
    • Alveolar ventilation is calculated as (tidal volume - dead space volume) x breathing frequency
    • Peripheral chemoreceptors function to sense changes in oxygen levels

    Blood pH and Acid-Base Balance

    • Normal blood pH at rest is approximately 7.4
    • The oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right in response to increases in pH, temperature, and 2,3-DPG
    • Hyperpnea refers to an increase in ventilation that exceeds metabolic demand
    • The bicarbonate buffering system primarily involves the buffering of excess H+ ions

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge of ventilation, aerobic energy, respiration, and the exchange of air with this quiz. Explore definitions related to the intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide during energy production in living organisms. Efficiently recall formulas and concepts related to partial pressure, volume, and the exchange of gases in the body.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser