Respiration and Pulmonary Function Quiz

The volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a normal breath at rest. It's typically around 500mL.

The additional volume of air that can be forcibly inhaled after a normal inhalation. It's typically around 3000mL.

The additional volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal exhalation. It's typically around 1100mL.

The amount of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation. It's typically around 1200mL.

The total volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation. It's calculated: TV + IRV.

The amount of air remaining in the lungs after a normal exhalation. It's calculated: ERV + RV.

The maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation. It's calculated: TV + IRV + ERV.

The total volume of air that the lungs can hold after a maximal inhalation. It's calculated: TV + IRV + ERV + RV.

A physiological response to high altitude, characterized by increased breathing rate and depth to compensate for reduced oxygen availability.

A physiological response to high altitude, characterized by an increase in the number of red blood cells, increasing oxygen carrying capacity.

An increase in heart rate caused by high altitude hypoxia, stimulating peripheral chemoreceptors.

Formation of new blood vessels in response to high altitude hypoxia, improving oxygen delivery to tissues.

A physiological response to high altitude hypoxia, characterized by increased production of the hormone erythropoietin, which stimulates red blood cell production.

A physiological response to high altitude hypoxia, characterized by increased production of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and oxidative enzymes, enhancing oxygen release to tissues.

A condition that can occur at high altitude, caused by constricted blood vessels in the lungs due to low oxygen levels.

A condition caused by increased pressure from being underwater, potentially leading to nitrogen narcosis, oxygen toxicity, or carbon dioxide narcosis.

A condition that occurs when gases rapidly escape from tissues into the blood, forming nitrogen bubbles. These bubbles can block capillaries and lead to various symptoms like bone pain, paralysis, convulsions, and even death.

A condition arising from rapid pressure changes, specifically during diving. Air from a scuba tank, still under high pressure, enters the lungs rapidly as the diver surfaces, causing lung expansion and potential rupture.

Normal breathing, characterized by a regular rhythm and depth.

Rapid and shallow breathing, where the rate of breathing is increased.

Deep and forceful breathing, where the volume of air inhaled and exhaled is greater than normal.

Decreased rate and depth of breathing, resulting in less air exchanged.

The complete cessation of breathing, which can be voluntary or involuntary.

Difficult or labored breathing, often accompanied by a feeling of shortness of breath.

A state where the body's tissues are deprived of oxygen due to insufficient ventilation, causing the body to struggle for air.

Breathing difficulties caused by a heart condition, often due to fluid build-up in the lungs.

A condition where breathing stops during sleep, most commonly caused by airway obstruction.

A life-saving technique used to aid breathing when someone is unable to do so on their own, usually involving mouth-to-mouth resuscitation or mechanical ventilation.

An emergency situation caused by a blockage in the airway, preventing the body from getting enough oxygen.