Resources and Development Chapter 2

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary factor influencing soil formation?

Weathered rock material

Topography

Vegetation

Nature of the parent rock (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a factor in soil formation?

Climatic factors

Time for composition

Presence of topsoil (correct)

Role of organic material

How long does it take to form just one centimeter of soil?

A few days

Hundreds of years (correct)

One year

Several months

Which of the following factors can vary significantly from one location to another affecting soil composition?

Climatic conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of intercropping?

To protect the soil from erosion by rain wash. Signup and view all the answers

Which component is found in the subsoil layer?

Sand, silt, and clay Signup and view all the answers

What does contour ploughing achieve?

It creates natural barriers that slow down water flow. Signup and view all the answers

In which areas are shelter belts most commonly utilized?

Coastal and dry regions to check wind movement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the activity involving trays A and B?

Assessing soil erosion after watering. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of planting trees in shelter belts?

To protect soil cover and reduce wind erosion. Signup and view all the answers

What is one way that plants protect the environment?

They aid in soil conservation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a product derived from plants?

Synthetic plastics Signup and view all the answers

What essential role do plants play in the ecosystem concerning oxygen?

They consume carbon dioxide and emit oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following functions do plants serve in relation to water?

They help in the storage of underground water. Signup and view all the answers

How do plants contribute to the food supply for humans?

By offering a range of fruits and nuts. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary causes of forest fires mentioned?

Natural fire from lightning Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a control measure for preventing forest fires?

Education on fire prevention Signup and view all the answers

What impact do human activities have on the environment according to the content?

They disturb the natural balance of species. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a reason for forest fires?

Misuse of pesticides Signup and view all the answers

How can prompt detection of fires be achieved, as discussed?

With a coordinated network of observation points Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of laws passed in several countries regarding birds and animals?

To prevent the extinction of various species Signup and view all the answers

What role do awareness programs like social forestry play in conservation efforts?

They help in educating communities about ecological integrity. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following species is specifically mentioned as being illegal to kill in India?

Lions Signup and view all the answers

What is CITES, as referenced in the content?

An international convention that regulates animal trade Signup and view all the answers

How are school children encouraged to contribute to wildlife conservation?

By bird watching and visiting nature camps Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Soil Formation

Major factors influencing soil formation include the nature of the parent rock, climate, topography, organic material, and the time required for soil composition.
Soil development can take hundreds of years, with only one centimeter of soil forming in that duration.

Soil Conservation Techniques

Intercropping: Planting different crops in alternate rows and at varied times to prevent soil erosion.
Contour Ploughing: Ploughing along the contours of hills to create barriers that slow down water runoff and minimize erosion.
Shelter Belts: Rows of trees planted in coastal and dry regions to reduce wind erosion and protect soil integrity.

Importance of Plants

Plants contribute timber, oxygen, and fruits; they are essential for agriculture and provide shelter for wildlife.
Many plants have medicinal uses and produce resources like latex, turpentine, oil, and paper.
Trees play a critical role in conserving underground water and maintaining ecological balance.

Wildlife and Ecosystem

Wildlife encompasses various species, including mammals, birds, insects, and aquatic life, that are vital for ecological balance.
Human activities significantly disrupt habitats, leading to the depletion of animal populations and extinction of some species.

Forest Fires

The primary causes of forest fires include natural events (like lightning), human negligence, and intentional acts by individuals.
Control measures for forest fires involve education on prevention, early detection through monitoring systems, and efficient communication networks.

Conservation Efforts

Laws exist globally and in India to protect endangered species like lions, tigers, and peacocks; trade in these species is prohibited.
Awareness programs such as social forestry and nature camps can foster appreciation of biodiversity among youth.
International conventions like CITES prohibit the trade of numerous endangered species to preserve ecological integrity.

Ethical Responsibility

Conservation of flora and fauna is considered an ethical obligation for society, emphasizing the importance of sustainability for present and future generations.

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Description

This quiz focuses on Chapter 2 of the Resources and Development curriculum for the academic year 2024-25. It covers topics related to soil types, including topsoil with humus and sub-soil components like sand and clay. Test your knowledge on the importance of these resources in environmental and agricultural contexts.