Research Study Designs Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of non-experimental research design?

  • To manipulate the conditions of a phenomenon
  • To control the variables in a study
  • To predict future occurrences of a phenomenon
  • To make account of events as they naturally occur (correct)

Which type of research design involves observing and describing the behavior of a subject without influencing it?

  • Developmental Research Design
  • Inter-Relational Research Design
  • Descriptive Research Design (correct)
  • Epidemiological Research Design

What type of questions does descriptive research design aim to answer?

  • Questions related to experimental manipulation
  • Questions related to statistical analysis
  • Questions starting with 'if' and 'then'
  • Questions starting with 'wh' words: what, when, why, how (correct)

When is descriptive research design especially effective?

<p>When the area has been previously studied (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are typical data collection methods in research design?

<p>Questionnaire, interview, files, document, observation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of univariant descriptive design?

<p>Frequency of a phenomenon and may involve multiple variables (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of explorative designs in research?

<p>Identify, explore, and describe existing phenomena and related factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do comparative designs in research do?

<p>Compare and contrast two or more variables on the same phenomena (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of descriptive research design?

<p>Define subject characteristics, measure data trends, and validate existing conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are important issues in descriptive research design?

<p>Inability to make conclusions about relationships studied, graphic distortion, response and non-response bias (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do interrelational studies provide insight into?

<p>The phenomenon of interest and the interrelationships between variables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does correlational design describe?

<p>A linear relationship and measures the strength and direction of the relationship between variables (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of correlational research design?

<p>Prospective and retrospective research designs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does prospective research design relate to?

<p>The present to the future and is often longitudinal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages of correlational design?

<p>Analyze relationships among a large number of variables, demonstrate the degree of relationship between variables, and open up further research opportunities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of study design examines data at one point in time, comparing data in respect to socio-demographic and identifying possible group differences?

<p>Cross-sectional design (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which study design collects data over an extended time period, examining development through a series of observations or measurements over time?

<p>Longitudinal design (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of study design investigates distribution and causes of diseases in the population, employing cohort studies (prospective) and case-control studies (retrospective)?

<p>Epidemiological study (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which study design is used to describe and explore events, collecting information from a homogenous group of subjects through various methods like phone, mail, interview, or questionnaire?

<p>Survey design (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of study design requires no experiment and is suitable for fields like psychology, sociology, and nursing?

<p>Non-experimental research design (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do cohort studies longitudinally observe in non-experimental research designs?

<p>The occurrence of a disease in exposed individuals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of study design are causes investigated after disease occurrence?

<p>Case-control study (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of survey design studies a phenomenon at one point in time?

<p>Cross-sectional survey (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do longitudinal surveys study over a period of time?

<p>The same group of subjects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do non-experimental research designs observe and collect data on without trying to influence those variables?

<p>Variables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the disadvantages of non-experimental research designs?

<p>Less reliable data and potential dissimilarities in nonrandomly selected groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what purpose are non-experimental research designs conducted?

<p>Comparative purposes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Research Study Designs Overview

  • Predictive studies' length impacts prediction accuracy; typical analyses include regression, multiple regression, and discriminant analysis.
  • Developmental studies describe developmental change and behaviors over time, commonly used in education, nutrition, epidemiology, and behavioral sciences.
  • Cross-sectional design examines data at one point in time, comparing data in respect to socio-demographic and identifying possible group differences.
  • Longitudinal design collects data over an extended time period, examining development through a series of observations or measurements over time.
  • Epidemiological studies investigate distribution and causes of diseases in the population, employing cohort studies (prospective) and case-control studies (retrospective).
  • Cohort studies longitudinally observe the occurrence of a disease in exposed individuals, while case-control studies investigate causes after disease occurrence.
  • Survey design is used to describe and explore events, collecting information from a homogenous group of subjects through various methods like phone, mail, interview, or questionnaire.
  • Cross-sectional surveys study a phenomenon at one point in time, while longitudinal surveys study the same group of subjects over a period of time.
  • Longitudinal studies observe and collect data on variables without trying to influence those variables, detecting changes over time.
  • Non-experimental research designs require no experiment and are suitable for fields like psychology, sociology, and nursing.
  • Non-experimental research designs have disadvantages, including less reliable data and potential dissimilarities in nonrandomly selected groups, impacting study results' authenticity and generalizability.
  • Non-experimental research designs are conducted for comparative purposes, which may affect the clarity and error-free relationship between the dependent and independent variables.

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