Research Study Design: James Lind and Citrus Fruits
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a study design?

  • To investigate the association between exposure and outcome (correct)
  • To evaluate experiences and opinions qualitatively
  • To determine cause and effect
  • To conduct a subjective evaluation of participants' experiences

What did James Lind's study on citrus fruits and scurvy aim to determine?

  • The association between citrus fruits and scurvy treatment (correct)
  • The taste preferences of sailors for citrus fruits
  • The nutritional value of citrus fruits
  • The effects of citrus fruits on sailors' physical fitness

What does study design primarily determine?

  • The nutritional value of foods
  • The cost of conducting a study
  • How data is collected and analyzed (correct)
  • The subjective experiences of participants

What is the most significant factor to consider when choosing a study design?

<p>Feasibility of the study (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two broad categories of study designs mentioned in the text?

<p>Experimental and observational (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of insight does a study design aim to achieve?

<p>Association between exposure and outcome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with developing the first controlled clinical trial of the modern era?

<p>James Lind (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the most important work of Al-Razi (or Rhazes)?

<p>The Comprehensive Book on Medicine (Kitab al-Hawi fi al-tibb) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who conducted an early example of a basic clinical trial involving control groups while seeking an effective treatment for patients suffering from meningitis?

<p>Al-Razi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did James Lind divide a group of 12 sailors suffering from scurvy into?

<p>Six groups with different interventions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who did Florence Nightingale persuade to send questionnaires to colonial schools and hospitals to obtain data on mortality rates?

<p>British Colonial Office (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the Persian physician born in the 9th century CE?

<p>Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya' al-Razi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did James Lind note caused more deaths among sailors than warfare?

<p>Scurvy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Florence Nightingale passionate about in medical studies?

<p>Need for comparison within medical studies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Al-Razi intentionally not use on one group of patients suffering from meningitis?

<p>Citrus fruits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did James Lind wish to identify a treatment for?

<p>Scurvy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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