Research Study Design: James Lind and Citrus Fruits
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a study design?

  • To investigate the association between exposure and outcome (correct)
  • To evaluate experiences and opinions qualitatively
  • To determine cause and effect
  • To conduct a subjective evaluation of participants' experiences
  • What did James Lind's study on citrus fruits and scurvy aim to determine?

  • The association between citrus fruits and scurvy treatment (correct)
  • The taste preferences of sailors for citrus fruits
  • The nutritional value of citrus fruits
  • The effects of citrus fruits on sailors' physical fitness
  • What does study design primarily determine?

  • The nutritional value of foods
  • The cost of conducting a study
  • How data is collected and analyzed (correct)
  • The subjective experiences of participants
  • What is the most significant factor to consider when choosing a study design?

    <p>Feasibility of the study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two broad categories of study designs mentioned in the text?

    <p>Experimental and observational</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of insight does a study design aim to achieve?

    <p>Association between exposure and outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with developing the first controlled clinical trial of the modern era?

    <p>James Lind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the most important work of Al-Razi (or Rhazes)?

    <p>The Comprehensive Book on Medicine (Kitab al-Hawi fi al-tibb)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who conducted an early example of a basic clinical trial involving control groups while seeking an effective treatment for patients suffering from meningitis?

    <p>Al-Razi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did James Lind divide a group of 12 sailors suffering from scurvy into?

    <p>Six groups with different interventions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who did Florence Nightingale persuade to send questionnaires to colonial schools and hospitals to obtain data on mortality rates?

    <p>British Colonial Office</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is known as the Persian physician born in the 9th century CE?

    <p>Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya' al-Razi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did James Lind note caused more deaths among sailors than warfare?

    <p>Scurvy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Florence Nightingale passionate about in medical studies?

    <p>Need for comparison within medical studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Al-Razi intentionally not use on one group of patients suffering from meningitis?

    <p>Citrus fruits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did James Lind wish to identify a treatment for?

    <p>Scurvy</p> Signup and view all the answers

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