16 Questions
What is the purpose of a study design?
To investigate the association between exposure and outcome
What did James Lind's study on citrus fruits and scurvy aim to determine?
The association between citrus fruits and scurvy treatment
What does study design primarily determine?
How data is collected and analyzed
What is the most significant factor to consider when choosing a study design?
Feasibility of the study
What are the two broad categories of study designs mentioned in the text?
Experimental and observational
What type of insight does a study design aim to achieve?
Association between exposure and outcome
Who is credited with developing the first controlled clinical trial of the modern era?
James Lind
What was the most important work of Al-Razi (or Rhazes)?
The Comprehensive Book on Medicine (Kitab al-Hawi fi al-tibb)
Who conducted an early example of a basic clinical trial involving control groups while seeking an effective treatment for patients suffering from meningitis?
Al-Razi
What did James Lind divide a group of 12 sailors suffering from scurvy into?
Six groups with different interventions
Who did Florence Nightingale persuade to send questionnaires to colonial schools and hospitals to obtain data on mortality rates?
British Colonial Office
Who is known as the Persian physician born in the 9th century CE?
Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya' al-Razi
What did James Lind note caused more deaths among sailors than warfare?
Scurvy
What was Florence Nightingale passionate about in medical studies?
Need for comparison within medical studies
What did Al-Razi intentionally not use on one group of patients suffering from meningitis?
Citrus fruits
What did James Lind wish to identify a treatment for?
Scurvy
Explore the historical significance of James Lind's study on the association between citrus fruits and the treatment of scurvy among sailors in the British Navy. Understand the fundamentals of designing a research study through this intriguing case.
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