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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of Recommendation Table 3?

  • To outline preventive measures for iron deficiency
  • To provide guidelines for pre-discharge and early post-discharge follow-up of patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (correct)
  • To suggest lifestyle changes for patients with preserved ejection fraction
  • To recommend treatment for patients with symptomatic heart failure
  • Where would you most likely find information about the treatment of symptomatic heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction?

  • In the disclaimer
  • In the data availability statement
  • In the author information section
  • In Recommendation Table 1 (correct)
  • What aspect of heart failure does Recommendation Table 2 focus on?

  • Treatment of symptomatic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (correct)
  • Preventive measures for iron deficiency
  • Lifestyle recommendations for patients with symptomatic heart failure
  • Guidelines for post-discharge follow-up
  • Which section would you refer to for information on data availability?

    <p>Data availability statement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT covered in the Recommendation Tables mentioned in the text?

    <p>Preventive measures for iron deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section is likely to contain information about authors' credentials?

    <p>Author information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you are looking for additional resources related to the content, which section should you refer to?

    <p>References</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term did the Task Force consider changing to HFnEF, but ultimately decided to keep as HFpEF?

    <p>HFpEF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of outcomes did the Task Force focus on when assigning recommendations?

    <p>Primary endpoints of trials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In most HF trials, what is the correct convention for describing the composite primary endpoint?

    <p>Reduction in time to first occurrence of HF hospitalization or CV death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of trials involved a composite outcome that included total (first and repeat) HF hospitalizations and all CV deaths?

    <p>Total-event trials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term was considered by the Task Force for changing to HFnEF?

    <p>HF with normal ejection fraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change did the Task Force discuss regarding the description of HF with preserved ejection fraction?

    <p>Changing it to HF with normal ejection fraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In assigning recommendations, what part of the trials did the Task Force primarily focus on?

    <p>Primary endpoints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What level of recommendation did the Task Force make for the use of disease-modifying therapies in HFmrEF?

    <p>COR IIb, LOE C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of trials formed the basis for recommendations for HFmrEF according to the text?

    <p>Subgroup analyses of trials not focused on HFmrEF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of therapies had class I evidence for use in HFrEF according to the text?

    <p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class of recommendation did the Task Force provide for the use of SGLT2 inhibitors?

    <p>No recommendation provided</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of patients had no recommendations provided for disease-modifying HFrEF therapies?

    <p>HFpEF patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of therapies failed to meet their primary endpoints in clinical trials according to the text?

    <p>ACE-I, ARB, MRA, ARNI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'For those with HFmrEF, with LVEF between 41% and 49%', what is the key parameter mentioned?

    <p>% Ejection fraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended class of medication for patients with HFpEF to reduce the risk of HF hospitalization or CV death?

    <p>SGLT2 inhibitors (dapagliflozin or empagliflozin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the guidelines, what was the significant reduction observed in patients with HFpEF who took SGLT2 inhibitors?

    <p>Reduction in heart failure hospitalizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients with HFpEF, what endpoint was reduced by the use of SGLT2 inhibitors as per the guidelines?

    <p>Primary composite endpoint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of heart failure does the guideline specifically focus on in relation to SGLT2 inhibitor recommendation?

    <p>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the reduction observed in HF hospitalizations and not CV death when taking SGLT2 inhibitors?

    <p>SGLT2 inhibitors are not effective in reducing CV death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trials were used as evidence for the recommendation of SGLT2 inhibitors in HFpEF patients?

    <p>EMPEROR-Preserved and DELIVER trials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Class I A level of recommendation indicate for the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in HFpEF patients?

    <p>Strongly recommended</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What eGFR range was considered for CKD in the DAPA-CKD trial?

    <p>25–75 mL/min/1.73 m2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio range was considered for CKD in the FIDELIO-DKD trial?

    <p>300–5000 mg/g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the treatment recommended for iron deficiency in the 2021 ESC HF Guidelines?

    <p>Ferric carboxymaltose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What eGFR range was considered for CKD in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial?

    <p>20–45 mL/min/1.73 m2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the common urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio requirement for CKD across the trials mentioned?

    <p>300–5000 mg/g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the IRONMAN trial focus on?

    <p>Treatment of iron deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which trial were patients considered for CKD if they had an eGFR 25–60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and diabetic retinopathy?

    <p>FIDELIO-DKD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect was ferric carboxymaltose recommended to have according to the 2021 ESC HF Guidelines?

    <p>+quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one is considered as iron deficiency in terms of eGFR in FIDELIO-DKD trial?

    <p>25-75 mL/min/1.73 m^2</p> Signup and view all the answers

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