37 Questions
What is the purpose of Recommendation Table 3?
To provide guidelines for pre-discharge and early post-discharge follow-up of patients hospitalized for acute heart failure
Where would you most likely find information about the treatment of symptomatic heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction?
In Recommendation Table 1
What aspect of heart failure does Recommendation Table 2 focus on?
Treatment of symptomatic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Which section would you refer to for information on data availability?
Data availability statement
What is NOT covered in the Recommendation Tables mentioned in the text?
Preventive measures for iron deficiency
Which section is likely to contain information about authors' credentials?
Author information
If you are looking for additional resources related to the content, which section should you refer to?
References
What term did the Task Force consider changing to HFnEF, but ultimately decided to keep as HFpEF?
HFpEF
What type of outcomes did the Task Force focus on when assigning recommendations?
Primary endpoints of trials
In most HF trials, what is the correct convention for describing the composite primary endpoint?
Reduction in time to first occurrence of HF hospitalization or CV death
What type of trials involved a composite outcome that included total (first and repeat) HF hospitalizations and all CV deaths?
Total-event trials
Which term was considered by the Task Force for changing to HFnEF?
HF with normal ejection fraction
What change did the Task Force discuss regarding the description of HF with preserved ejection fraction?
Changing it to HF with normal ejection fraction
In assigning recommendations, what part of the trials did the Task Force primarily focus on?
Primary endpoints
What level of recommendation did the Task Force make for the use of disease-modifying therapies in HFmrEF?
COR IIb, LOE C
Which type of trials formed the basis for recommendations for HFmrEF according to the text?
Subgroup analyses of trials not focused on HFmrEF
What type of therapies had class I evidence for use in HFrEF according to the text?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I)
What class of recommendation did the Task Force provide for the use of SGLT2 inhibitors?
No recommendation provided
Which type of patients had no recommendations provided for disease-modifying HFrEF therapies?
HFpEF patients
Which class of therapies failed to meet their primary endpoints in clinical trials according to the text?
ACE-I, ARB, MRA, ARNI
'For those with HFmrEF, with LVEF between 41% and 49%', what is the key parameter mentioned?
% Ejection fraction
What is the recommended class of medication for patients with HFpEF to reduce the risk of HF hospitalization or CV death?
SGLT2 inhibitors (dapagliflozin or empagliflozin)
According to the guidelines, what was the significant reduction observed in patients with HFpEF who took SGLT2 inhibitors?
Reduction in heart failure hospitalizations
In patients with HFpEF, what endpoint was reduced by the use of SGLT2 inhibitors as per the guidelines?
Primary composite endpoint
Which type of heart failure does the guideline specifically focus on in relation to SGLT2 inhibitor recommendation?
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)
What is the significance of the reduction observed in HF hospitalizations and not CV death when taking SGLT2 inhibitors?
SGLT2 inhibitors are not effective in reducing CV death
Which trials were used as evidence for the recommendation of SGLT2 inhibitors in HFpEF patients?
EMPEROR-Preserved and DELIVER trials
What does the Class I A level of recommendation indicate for the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in HFpEF patients?
Strongly recommended
What eGFR range was considered for CKD in the DAPA-CKD trial?
25–75 mL/min/1.73 m2
What urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio range was considered for CKD in the FIDELIO-DKD trial?
300–5000 mg/g
What was the treatment recommended for iron deficiency in the 2021 ESC HF Guidelines?
Ferric carboxymaltose
What eGFR range was considered for CKD in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial?
20–45 mL/min/1.73 m2
What was the common urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio requirement for CKD across the trials mentioned?
300–5000 mg/g
What did the IRONMAN trial focus on?
Treatment of iron deficiency
In which trial were patients considered for CKD if they had an eGFR 25–60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and diabetic retinopathy?
FIDELIO-DKD
What effect was ferric carboxymaltose recommended to have according to the 2021 ESC HF Guidelines?
+quality of life
Which one is considered as iron deficiency in terms of eGFR in FIDELIO-DKD trial?
25-75 mL/min/1.73 m^2
Learn about the different sections typically found in a research paper, such as Iron deficiency, Data availability statement, Author information, Appendix, and References.
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