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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of Recommendation Table 3?

  • To outline preventive measures for iron deficiency
  • To provide guidelines for pre-discharge and early post-discharge follow-up of patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (correct)
  • To suggest lifestyle changes for patients with preserved ejection fraction
  • To recommend treatment for patients with symptomatic heart failure

Where would you most likely find information about the treatment of symptomatic heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction?

  • In the disclaimer
  • In the data availability statement
  • In the author information section
  • In Recommendation Table 1 (correct)

What aspect of heart failure does Recommendation Table 2 focus on?

  • Treatment of symptomatic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (correct)
  • Preventive measures for iron deficiency
  • Lifestyle recommendations for patients with symptomatic heart failure
  • Guidelines for post-discharge follow-up

Which section would you refer to for information on data availability?

<p>Data availability statement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT covered in the Recommendation Tables mentioned in the text?

<p>Preventive measures for iron deficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which section is likely to contain information about authors' credentials?

<p>Author information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you are looking for additional resources related to the content, which section should you refer to?

<p>References (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term did the Task Force consider changing to HFnEF, but ultimately decided to keep as HFpEF?

<p>HFpEF (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of outcomes did the Task Force focus on when assigning recommendations?

<p>Primary endpoints of trials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In most HF trials, what is the correct convention for describing the composite primary endpoint?

<p>Reduction in time to first occurrence of HF hospitalization or CV death (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of trials involved a composite outcome that included total (first and repeat) HF hospitalizations and all CV deaths?

<p>Total-event trials (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term was considered by the Task Force for changing to HFnEF?

<p>HF with normal ejection fraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What change did the Task Force discuss regarding the description of HF with preserved ejection fraction?

<p>Changing it to HF with normal ejection fraction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In assigning recommendations, what part of the trials did the Task Force primarily focus on?

<p>Primary endpoints (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What level of recommendation did the Task Force make for the use of disease-modifying therapies in HFmrEF?

<p>COR IIb, LOE C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of trials formed the basis for recommendations for HFmrEF according to the text?

<p>Subgroup analyses of trials not focused on HFmrEF (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of therapies had class I evidence for use in HFrEF according to the text?

<p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What class of recommendation did the Task Force provide for the use of SGLT2 inhibitors?

<p>No recommendation provided (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of patients had no recommendations provided for disease-modifying HFrEF therapies?

<p>HFpEF patients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of therapies failed to meet their primary endpoints in clinical trials according to the text?

<p>ACE-I, ARB, MRA, ARNI (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'For those with HFmrEF, with LVEF between 41% and 49%', what is the key parameter mentioned?

<p>% Ejection fraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended class of medication for patients with HFpEF to reduce the risk of HF hospitalization or CV death?

<p>SGLT2 inhibitors (dapagliflozin or empagliflozin) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the guidelines, what was the significant reduction observed in patients with HFpEF who took SGLT2 inhibitors?

<p>Reduction in heart failure hospitalizations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with HFpEF, what endpoint was reduced by the use of SGLT2 inhibitors as per the guidelines?

<p>Primary composite endpoint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of heart failure does the guideline specifically focus on in relation to SGLT2 inhibitor recommendation?

<p>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the reduction observed in HF hospitalizations and not CV death when taking SGLT2 inhibitors?

<p>SGLT2 inhibitors are not effective in reducing CV death (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which trials were used as evidence for the recommendation of SGLT2 inhibitors in HFpEF patients?

<p>EMPEROR-Preserved and DELIVER trials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Class I A level of recommendation indicate for the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in HFpEF patients?

<p>Strongly recommended (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What eGFR range was considered for CKD in the DAPA-CKD trial?

<p>25–75 mL/min/1.73 m2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio range was considered for CKD in the FIDELIO-DKD trial?

<p>300–5000 mg/g (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the treatment recommended for iron deficiency in the 2021 ESC HF Guidelines?

<p>Ferric carboxymaltose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What eGFR range was considered for CKD in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial?

<p>20–45 mL/min/1.73 m2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the common urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio requirement for CKD across the trials mentioned?

<p>300–5000 mg/g (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the IRONMAN trial focus on?

<p>Treatment of iron deficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which trial were patients considered for CKD if they had an eGFR 25–60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and diabetic retinopathy?

<p>FIDELIO-DKD (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect was ferric carboxymaltose recommended to have according to the 2021 ESC HF Guidelines?

<p>+quality of life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one is considered as iron deficiency in terms of eGFR in FIDELIO-DKD trial?

<p>25-75 mL/min/1.73 m^2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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