Research Methods Study Notes Q3 Semester 2
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Questions and Answers

Which data collection method involves direct interaction between the researcher and the participant?

  • Questionnaires
  • Self-checklists
  • Sociometric devices
  • Interviews (correct)
  • A researcher is studying historical trends in climate science by examining published scientific articles from the last century. Which type of data are they primarily using?

  • Primary data
  • Observational data
  • Secondary data (correct)
  • Experimental data
  • A researcher aims to understand the attitude of students towards online learning. Which instrument is most suitable for this purpose?

  • Attitude scales (correct)
  • Performance checklists
  • Flowcharts
  • Tally sheets
  • A researcher wants to gather in-depth information about individual experiences within a community. Which instrument is most suitable for this purpose?

    <p>Interviews (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential for a data collection instrument to be 'brief and effective'?

    <p>To respect the time of both researchers and respondents while still gathering sufficient information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic ensures a research question can be effectively investigated using available resources and methods?

    <p>Feasible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for research questions to be time-bound?

    <p>To ensure the research is completed within a predetermined timeframe. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In formulating a research problem, why should the possibility of conducting experimentations and observations be considered?

    <p>To ensure resources are used efficiently and realistically. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'instrumentation' in the context of research?

    <p>The process of developing, testing, and using devices for data gathering. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using clerical tools, such as questionnaires and interviews, in research?

    <p>To gather perceptions, emotions, and attitudes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an important consideration when using researcher-made clerical tools?

    <p>Checking and validating the tools with experts. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a research consider when determining the appropriate research instrument?

    <p>The specific requirements and discipline of the research. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a subject-completed instrument?

    <p>A standardized test taken by participants. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A researcher is developing a quantitative research instrument. What initial step ensures the instrument's suitability?

    <p>Establishing the research questions and variables. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When adapting an existing research instrument, what is the most important consideration?

    <p>Ensuring the modifications align with the research questions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A researcher needs to collect highly specific data not available through existing instruments. Which approach is most suitable?

    <p>Developing a new, original instrument tailored to the study's variables. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is most crucial when considering the suitability of a research instrument for a quantitative study?

    <p>The ease with which the data can be tabulated. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of using citations in academic research?

    <p>To properly attribute information to its original source and provide context. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a researcher prioritize to ensure a research instrument yields trustworthy results?

    <p>Establishing the instrument's validity and reliability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a literature review in a research paper?

    <p>To provide an overview of existing research relevant to the study. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following BEST defines 'Out-text citation' in research writing?

    <p>The complete compilation of sources used in the research, found at the end of the paper. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research approach is most suitable when a researcher aims to understand the effects of music on student motivation and numeracy skills?

    <p>Correlational research, to see if there's a numerical relationship between music exposure and improved numeracy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A researcher wants to explore the opinions of various authors on a specific topic. Which writing style is most appropriate?

    <p>By Topic/Concept (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'Review of Related Literature' chapter in a research paper?

    <p>To provide a comprehensive overview of existing research relevant to the study. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does inquiry relate to data, information, facts, ideas, or principles?

    <p>Inquiry subjects data and information to scrutiny, analysis, and critical evaluation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary limitation of correlational research compared to other research methods?

    <p>It does not seek cause-and-effect relationships. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of descriptive research?

    <p>To describe a phenomenon, situation, or population. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is descriptive research most effectively used?

    <p>When the main goal is to observe and report a certain phenomenon as it is happening. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of correlational research design?

    <p>To determine if a variable increases or decreases as another variable changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of presenting different authors with similar ideas in research?

    <p>To build credibility with the claims that the research would like to stand on (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of 'By Author/Writer' in research?

    <p>Presenting different authors even though they have similar ideas for credibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research design is most suitable when a researcher aims to investigate the potential causes of a pre-existing phenomenon, without manipulating any variables?

    <p>Ex Post Facto (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A researcher discovers that a published article contains sections that are identical to their own unpublished work. What ethical violation has likely occurred?

    <p>Plagiarism by the published author (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does copyright differ from plagiarism in research and scholarly work?

    <p>Copyright is a legal concept related to publication agreements, while plagiarism concerns the ethical representation of original thought. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A study compares the academic performance of students from two different schools, using pre-existing class groups. Considering that the students were not randomly assigned, what type of research design is this, and what limitation does it impose?

    <p>Quasi-experimental; limited by potential confounding variables due to non-random assignment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Republic Act No. 8293, also known as the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines, in the context of research?

    <p>To protect the rights of scientists and artists to their intellectual property. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A researcher wants to study the impact of a new teaching method on student test scores. Students are divided into two groups: one receives the new method, and the other continues with the traditional method. If students were not randomly assigned to these groups, what type of study is this, and what is a major concern?

    <p>Quasi-experimental study; the primary concern is the potential for selection bias. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A researcher is conducting a study on the effects of a new drug on patients with a specific medical condition. However, the researcher is unaware that the groups being compared (those receiving the new drug and those receiving a placebo) differ significantly in terms of age and disease severity. What type of research design is most likely being used, and what is the major limitation?

    <p>Quasi-experimental design; limitation is potential for confounding variables. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A researcher aims to investigate the relationship between childhood experiences and adult personality traits. Due to ethical reasons, they cannot manipulate the childhood experiences. Which research design is most appropriate, and what constraint does this impose?

    <p>Ex post facto; the constraint is the inability to manipulate the independent variable. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Interview Method

    A data collection method where researchers ask questions directly to participants.

    Primary Data

    Data collected directly from the source, such as individuals or events.

    Secondary Data

    Information gathered from existing sources, like books or articles.

    Research Instruments

    Tools used by researchers to collect data, such as surveys or interviews.

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    Effective Data Collection

    Techniques that yield rich information within a short time frame.

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    SMART Objectives

    Goals that are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-Bound.

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    Achievable Goals

    Goals that can realistically be accomplished within available resources and constraints.

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    Realistic Goals

    Goals that are practical and possible given the circumstances and available resources.

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    Time-Bound Goals

    Goals defined within a specific timeframe to ensure timely completion.

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    Clerical Tools

    Tools like questionnaires and interviews used in research to collect data on perceptions, attitudes, and judgments.

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    Researcher-Completed Instruments

    Instruments where the researcher fills out data based on research criteria and findings.

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    Subject-Completed Instruments

    Instruments completed by participants providing their opinions or responses directly.

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    Descriptive Research

    Aims to systematically obtain information to describe a phenomenon, situation, or population.

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    Purpose of Descriptive Research

    To observe and report on a certain phenomenon as it occurs.

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    Correlational Research

    Determines if a variable increases or decreases with another variable.

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    Goal of Correlational Research

    To clarify relationships between variables and predict magnitudes of associations.

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    Key Questions in Descriptive Research

    Addresses questions such as who, what, where, when, and how much.

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    Music in Teaching Mathematics

    Using music significantly affects learner motivation and numeracy skills.

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    Credibility in Research

    Presenting different authors’ opinions can enhance the credibility of claims.

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    Scope of Correlational Research

    Extent and boundaries of the study impact the findings and conclusions.

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    Validity in Research Instruments

    The degree to which an instrument measures what it claims to measure.

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    Reliability in Research Instruments

    The consistency of an instrument's results across multiple uses or contexts.

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    Easily Tabulated

    The capability of quickly summarizing data in a simple format, essential for quantitative research.

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    Adopting Research Instruments

    Using existing tools from previous studies without changes for new research.

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    Modifying Research Instruments

    Adjusting existing instruments to better fit the specific research questions or data needed.

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    Research

    A purposive, systematic, and scientific process of discovering truth through data gathering.

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    Ex Post Facto

    Research design that measures cause from a pre-existing effect without controlling the variables.

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    Plagiarism

    The act of using someone else's work without proper acknowledgment, violating intellectual property rights.

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    Copyright

    Legal protection that secures the rights of authors and creators against unauthorized use of their work.

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    Quasi-Experimental Design

    Research aimed at measuring causal relationships without random assignment of subjects.

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    Variable Control

    The ability to manipulate variables in a study; crucial for valid causation conclusions.

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    Validity

    The extent to which a research instrument measures what it is intended to measure.

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    Reliability

    The consistency and dependability of a research instrument across multiple instances.

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    Citations

    References to acknowledge the original source of information in research.

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    Review of Related Literatures

    Section that summarizes existing writings relevant to research topics.

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    In-text citation

    A method of acknowledging sources within the text of a research paper.

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    Synthesis

    Combining information and discussions from multiple sources to create a cohesive understanding.

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    Significant difference

    A notable change or variance observed between groups in research findings.

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    Study Notes

    • This document is a table of contents for a set of study notes.
    • The notes cover inquiries, investigations, and immersions for semester 2, quarter 3.
    • The notes are divided into lessons, with page numbers listed for easy navigation.
    • Lessons include preparing, conceptualizing, and focusing on a research plan; formulating a clear statement of research problem; research instrument; ethically selecting, citing, and synthesizing related literature; research design; research instrument validity and reliability.
    • The total number of pages in the notes is 13.

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    S2-Q3-3IS-NOTES PDF

    Description

    This document outlines the table of contents for the Research Methods study notes focusing on inquiries and investigations for semester 2, quarter 3. It includes detailed lessons on preparing a research plan, formulating research problems, and conducting ethical literature reviews. A total of 13 pages provide a comprehensive guide for effective research practices.

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