Lecture 5 - Research HCMT

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of secondary research in relation to primary research?

To be fully aware of what others have studied in relation to the subject of interest (correct)

To interpret the data without considering the research question

To analyze the data collected by others

To collect original data from the field

What is the main difference between secondary and primary research?

The type of data collected

The method of data analysis

The source of the information (correct)

The topic of research

What is a potential challenge with government statistics/information source?

Clinical iceberg/fragile contexts (correct)

Insufficient data

Lack of reliability

Bias issues

What is the primary advantage of using journals as a source of secondary information?

They are peer-reviewed Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of conducting primary research?

To collect original data from the field Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when using media sources, such as newspapers, as a source of secondary information?

Bias issues Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why Wikipedia may not be considered an academic source of secondary information?

It is not reliable and authentic Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using secondary research in a research design?

It saves time and resources Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using secondary research for clarifying a research question?

It helps to identify the research focus and subject area Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the secondary research process?

It is a non-linear process where stages can be repeated as necessary Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of secondary research?

It allows for the collection of original data Signup and view all the answers

What is meta-narrative mapping?

A type of literature review that examines the historical development of a research tradition Signup and view all the answers

What is a systematic review?

A comprehensive and systematic review of existing data on a particular topic Signup and view all the answers

Why might secondary research be preferred over primary research?

It is less intrusive on people's lives, especially on sensitive topics Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of secondary research?

The data may be outdated or of poor quality Signup and view all the answers

What is meta-analysis?

A statistical method of summarizing and comparing results of large numbers of quantitative studies Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of published research articles?

They can be biased towards the views of publishers. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of scientific experiments in primary research?

They are usually used in natural sciences. Signup and view all the answers

What is a type of primary research method that involves gathering information on human behaviour?

Observations Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use of interviews and focus group discussions in primary research?

To gather information on people's thoughts, attitudes or feelings. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to assess the quality of information in research?

To ensure it is relevant to the research question. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential challenge of using questionnaires in primary research?

They may not reflect the true opinions of respondents. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Research Process

Formulate hypothesis based on theory, research, or both
Design the research
Conduct the research
Analyze the data
Interpret the data as they relate to the research question

Secondary Research

Uses information collected by others
Involves using existing data from various sources
Sources of information:
- Ward level data
- Books and e-books
- Journals (peer-reviewed)
- Media (newspapers, TV, radio)
- Think Tanks
- Government Departments
Importance: integral part of primary research, helps researcher understand what others have studied in relation to their topic
Challenges: potential bias in government statistics, ensuring credibility of sources

Secondary Research Process

Identify subject domain and sources of information
Search, collate, and gather existing data
Compare data from different sources (if necessary)
Analyze the data
Ensure use of credible sources

Types of Secondary Research

Literature Review
Scoping review
Narrative review
Systematic Review
Meta-narrative mapping
Meta-analysis

Advantages of Secondary Research

Relative ease of access to data
Low cost
Less intrusive on people's lives
Clarifies research question and focus
Addresses research question in well-researched subjects
Provides valuable information at a low cost

Disadvantages of Secondary Research

Quality of information needs constant assessment
Information can be biased or outdated
Research articles may be published long after original research

Primary Research: Methods of Data Collection

Scientific experiments (natural sciences)
Interviews (face-to-face, phone, or online)
Questionnaires/surveys (large number of participants)
Observations (gathering information on human behavior)
Interviews and Focus group discussions (gathering information on thoughts, attitudes, or feelings)

Challenges in Primary Research

Potential challenges to data collection methods

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Test your knowledge of research methods, including secondary and primary research, data analysis and more. Learn about the research process and how to interpret data.