Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes nominal variables?
Which of the following best describes nominal variables?
Causation implies that one variable simply correlates with another.
Causation implies that one variable simply correlates with another.
False
What is the primary difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study?
What is the primary difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study?
A longitudinal study collects data over an extended period, while a cross-sectional study collects data at a single point in time.
A __________ study tracks changes in the same individuals over time.
A __________ study tracks changes in the same individuals over time.
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Which of the following is a purpose of explanatory research?
Which of the following is a purpose of explanatory research?
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Match the following types of variables with their descriptions:
Match the following types of variables with their descriptions:
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Study Notes
Variable Types
- Nominal variables categorize items without inherent order.
- Ordinal variables categorize items with a ranked order, but intervals aren't equal.
- Interval/ratio variables have ranked order, equal intervals, and a true zero point.
Relationships Between Variables
- Correlation describes how variables change together.
- Causation means one variable directly influences another.
- Spurious relationships are false associations, caused by a third, hidden variable.
Research Designs
- Cross-sectional research gathers data at a single moment, like a snapshot.
- Longitudinal research gathers data over time, studying changes.
- Trend studies examine changes in a general population, not specific individuals.
- Panel studies track changes in the same individuals over time.
Research Purposes
- Descriptive research characterizes messages and contexts.
- Explanatory research finds meaning and effects of messages.
- Predictive research forecasts future behavior based on messages.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various types of variable classifications, the relationships between these variables, and different research designs used in social sciences. This quiz also explores the purposes of research, helping you understand the foundational concepts in this field.
