Research Methods in Psychology

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What is the principal tool of the scientific method used to demonstrate behavioral events under specific conditions?

Experimentation (correct)

Measurement

Theories

Methodology

Which of the following describes an organized thought process characterized by open-mindedness and objectivity?

Fraud

Debriefing

Good thinking (correct)

Animal welfare

What is required for a hypothesis to be considered testable?

It must be based on intuition

It needs to be widely accepted by scientists

There must be procedures for manipulating the conditions (correct)

It should be difficult to measure the outcome

Which term refers to the structured estimation of an observable event's quantity or quality?

Measurement Signup and view all the answers

What does 'debriefing' entail in the context of psychological research?

Disclosing the purpose and nature of the study post-experiment Signup and view all the answers

What concept emphasizes that all species capable of feeling pain have equal rights?

Animal rights Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)?

To safeguard the welfare of animal subjects in research Signup and view all the answers

Which action is considered a form of fraud in research?

Falsifying or fabricating data Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)?

To safeguard the safety and rights of human participants Signup and view all the answers

In a risk/benefit analysis, what is determined?

Whether risks to individuals outweigh possible benefits Signup and view all the answers

What does minimal risk imply about a research study?

The likelihood of harm is not increased by the study Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of causal modeling in research?

To suggest cause-and-effect relationships among behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What does the coefficient of determination (r2) indicate in a correlational study?

The percentage of variability explained by one variable related to another Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a cross-lagged panel design?

The same behaviors are measured at two separate points in time Signup and view all the answers

Which type of correlation indicates that an increase in one variable is associated with an increase in another?

Positive correlation Signup and view all the answers

What does a correlational study primarily aim to determine?

The relationship between two traits or behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What does content validity refer to?

The accuracy of a measure in reflecting what is being measured. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a nonexperimental hypothesis?

To predict how traits or behaviors might be related. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an independent variable?

The variable manipulated by the researcher. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about extraneous variables?

They can introduce bias if not controlled. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term reliability refer to in research?

The ability of a measurement to remain consistent over time. Signup and view all the answers

What is meta-analysis used for in research?

To summarize and quantify findings from multiple studies. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes face validity?

It refers to the obviousness of a measurement technique. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'hypothetical construct' refer to?

Unseen processes used to explain behaviors and traits. Signup and view all the answers

What does internal validity signify in an experiment?

The certainty that observed changes in behavior are caused by the independent variable Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a selection threat to internal validity?

It arises from random assignment failing to balance subject differences. Signup and view all the answers

What does interitem reliability measure?

The ability of different items measuring the same variable to produce consistent results Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the instrumentation threat?

It is caused by changes in the measuring instrument itself. Signup and view all the answers

What defines statistical regression threat in an experimental context?

When scores tend to revert to the mean after extreme test results Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a subject mortality threat?

Differences in dropout rates affecting study results Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the levels of the independent variable?

The manipulation of diverse values of the independent variable Signup and view all the answers

Which concept refers to the agreement among different raters or observers?

Interrater reliability Signup and view all the answers

What best describes a negative correlation?

An increase in one variable leads to a decrease in the other Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is always true regardless of circumstances?

Contradictory statement Signup and view all the answers

What type of statement can be tested experimentally?

Falsifiable statement Signup and view all the answers

What does the term confounding refer to in experimental research?

An error caused by extraneous variables affecting the dependent variable Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the discussion section in a research report?

To relate findings to existing knowledge Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements can lead to new studies?

Fruitful statement Signup and view all the answers

What is concurrent validity concerned with?

Correlation of a measuring instrument with a known behavior Signup and view all the answers

What does a deductive model primarily utilize for reasoning?

General principles to explore specific instances Signup and view all the answers

Research Methods in Psychology

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Questions and Answers

What is the principal tool of the scientific method used to demonstrate behavioral events under specific conditions?

Which of the following describes an organized thought process characterized by open-mindedness and objectivity?

What is required for a hypothesis to be considered testable?

Which term refers to the structured estimation of an observable event's quantity or quality?

What does 'debriefing' entail in the context of psychological research?

What concept emphasizes that all species capable of feeling pain have equal rights?

What is the purpose of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)?

Which action is considered a form of fraud in research?

What is the main purpose of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)?

In a risk/benefit analysis, what is determined?

What does minimal risk imply about a research study?

What is the purpose of causal modeling in research?

What does the coefficient of determination (r2) indicate in a correlational study?

What characterizes a cross-lagged panel design?

Which type of correlation indicates that an increase in one variable is associated with an increase in another?

What does a correlational study primarily aim to determine?

What does content validity refer to?

What is the purpose of a nonexperimental hypothesis?

Which of the following best describes an independent variable?

Which statement is true about extraneous variables?

What does the term reliability refer to in research?

What is meta-analysis used for in research?

Which of the following describes face validity?

What does the term 'hypothetical construct' refer to?

What does internal validity signify in an experiment?

Which of the following best describes a selection threat to internal validity?

What does interitem reliability measure?

Which statement best describes the instrumentation threat?

What defines statistical regression threat in an experimental context?

Which of the following represents a subject mortality threat?

What characterizes the levels of the independent variable?

Which concept refers to the agreement among different raters or observers?

What best describes a negative correlation?

Which statement is always true regardless of circumstances?

What type of statement can be tested experimentally?

What does the term confounding refer to in experimental research?

What is the primary purpose of the discussion section in a research report?

Which of the following statements can lead to new studies?

What is concurrent validity concerned with?

What does a deductive model primarily utilize for reasoning?

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