30 Questions
What type of bias arises when an untrained researcher administers a physical activity questionnaire?
Observer bias
What is the term for incorrect answers from participants due to misinterpretation of a question, recall bias, and sensitive issues?
Response bias
Which of the following is an example of information bias arising from data transfer errors?
Errors when transferring responses from a paper questionnaire to an electronic database
What type of bias occurs when only undergraduate students are included in a study?
Selection bias
What is the result of using a wrongly calibrated weighing scale to measure participant weight?
Measurement error
Why might participants provide inaccurate information about their household income?
Due to a sensitive issue related to the question
What is the primary source of instrument bias in research studies?
Measurement tool calibration errors
Which of the following is a common consequence of poor questionnaire design?
Information bias
What is the primary cause of assessor bias in research studies?
Lack of 'blinding' to exposure or outcome status
Which of the following is a type of selection bias?
Systematic error arising from mistakes during participant selection
What is the primary consequence of measurement tool calibration errors?
Information bias
What is the primary difference between validity and reliability?
Validity refers to the absence of bias, while reliability refers to the consistency of measurements
What type of studies are most susceptible to information bias?
Self-report questionnaire-based studies
Which of the following can be used to confirm exposures in a study?
Any of the above, or a combination of them
What is a consequence of information bias in a study?
Compromised validity of study results
Why is it essential to double-check disease outcomes based on self-reports?
To minimize false positive findings
Which of the following can introduce measurement error in a study?
Relying on self-reports from participants
What is a potential limitation of retrospective studies relying on self-reports?
Information bias due to measurement error
What type of bias occurs when participants intentionally provide incorrect answers due to careless behavior?
Information bias
Which of the following is an example of a participant giving inaccurate information due to poor recall?
Forgetting to report past medication use
What is the term for errors in correctly classifying participants as having been exposed or having the disease outcome?
Misclassification bias
Which of the following is an example of a participant's intentional wrong answer?
Providing random answers
What is the term for errors in measurement tools that can lead to incorrect classifications?
Instrumental bias
Which of the following is an example of participant selection bias?
Self-selection of participants
What type of error occurs when a researcher incorrectly transfers data from a paper form to an electronic form?
Data transfer error
A researcher uses a questionnaire that is not validated for a specific population. What type of bias is likely to occur?
Information bias
A researcher measures participants' blood pressure using a machine that has not been calibrated. What type of error is likely to occur?
Measurement error
A researcher is trained to administer a cognitive function questionnaire but not a physical activity questionnaire. What type of error is likely to occur?
Observer bias due to lack of training
What type of bias occurs when a researcher selectively includes only participants who are easy to recruit?
Selection bias
A researcher misdiagnoses a participant's condition due to a clinical error. What type of bias is likely to occur?
Diagnostic bias
This quiz identifies potential errors that can occur during research studies, including participant selection, data collection, and measurement tools. Learn to recognize and avoid common mistakes in research methodology. Improve your research skills and ensure the accuracy of your results.
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