Research Instrument Feedback Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a criterion evaluated in the provided research instrument feedback form?

  • Clarity and Understandability
  • Relevance to the Research
  • Feasibility of Implementation
  • Data Analysis Methods (correct)

Which section within the research instrument feedback form specifically addresses the practical aspects of applying a coating to lenses?

  • Section 2: Coating Application Process (correct)
  • Section 1: Preparation of Coating Solutions
  • Section 3: Specific Instrument Feedback
  • Section 4: Recommendations

What type of tests are recommended for evaluating the coating performance in the provided text?

  • Scratch resistance, optical clarity, and abrasion resistance (correct)
  • Impact resistance, thermal stability, and light transmission
  • Anti-reflective properties, anti-fogging properties, and color transmission
  • Chemical resistance, water repellency, and UV protection

According to the provided content, what is the primary purpose of the 'Data Recording Protocol in Coating Performance Evaluation Checklists' section?

<p>To provide a standardized format for recording data on the coating performance of lenses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT included in the 'Data Recording Protocol' section for coating performance evaluation?

<p>UV protection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate purpose of the research instrument feedback form?

<p>To evaluate the clarity, relevance, and adequacy of the proposed research instruments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a validator approves the use of the research instruments, what does this indicate?

<p>The research instruments meet the required standards for the study (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The section where the validator provides their feedback and approval is labeled as:

<p>Section 5: Validator's Approval (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of CR-39 lenses that makes them vulnerable?

<p>Prone to scratches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant environmental concern associated with traditional coatings for lenses?

<p>Non-biodegradable nature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes chitosan a suitable alternative for coatings on CR-39 lenses?

<p>It is biodegradable and non-toxic. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what application has chitosan not been notably utilized?

<p>Personal electronics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property of chitosan can enhance the durability of coatings made with it?

<p>Adhesive properties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the major benefits of using chitosan in lenses besides environmental concerns?

<p>Increased scratch resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a focus of Zhou et al. (2022) in relation to chitosan-based coatings?

<p>Developing superhydrophobic properties (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of environmental issue is emphasized by the growing need for eco-friendly materials?

<p>Escalation of ecological consequences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a polysaccharide?

<p>A carbohydrate that can be decomposed into monosaccharides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is used to enhance chitosan-based coatings?

<p>Glutaraldehyde (C), Octadecylamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property does the chitosan-based coating create on polyurethane sponges?

<p>Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant enhancement was observed in the absorbent created from chitosan-based coatings?

<p>Capacity to absorb organic solvents and oils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is durability important for chitosan-based coatings used in optical applications?

<p>To ensure long-lasting protective qualities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Aguilar-Ruiz et al.(2023) in their study?

<p>Preventing aluminum corrosion in seawater (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of research method did Zhou et al. propose for processing chitosan-based coatings?

<p>A facile method (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the scratch resistance of chitosan-based coatings?

<p>Contributes to the longevity and performance of protective applications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the surface roughness change measure?

<p>Change in surface texture before and after testing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion assesses the clarity and sharpness of an image?

<p>Clarity Rating (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is evaluated in the standard optical clarity test?

<p>Light transmission percentage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the visible surface wear criterion indicate?

<p>The extent of wear after an abrasion test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the abrasion type categorized?

<p>By the material type used for abrasion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scale is used to assess haze or distortion?

<p>1–5 scale (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recorded regarding standards compliance?

<p>Whether the sample meets optical clarity standards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the light transmission percentage represent?

<p>The proportion of light that passes through the sample (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does temperature influence the performance of coatings during material testing?

<p>It can affect the coating's stability and adhesion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of humidity in material testing?

<p>It affects the material's resistance to corrosion and degradation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to control temperature and humidity during material testing?

<p>To accurately simulate real-world usage conditions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of information is collected in the notes/observations section during testing?

<p>Important details about unusual behaviors and anomalies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical reason for recording unexpected changes in materials during testing?

<p>To contextualize data and identify trends that may need further investigation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does ethical clearance impact the research protocol?

<p>It ensures integrity and responsibility in the research process. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best represents the quantitative data collected during material testing?

<p>Measurements of temperature and humidity percentages. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of recognizing trends in material behavior during testing?

<p>It contributes to accurate assessments and potential future improvements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is used to analyze the mean scratch resistance of the lenses?

<p>ANOVA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is used for the ophthalmic lenses in the study?

<p>CR-39 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using CR-39 lenses without existing coatings in the study?

<p>To focus on Chitosan's scratch resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is Plastilens International Inc. located?

<p>Quiapo, Manila (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which range of lens powers is included in the study?

<p>+3.00 to -3.00 D sph (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the ISO certification of Plastilens ensure?

<p>Quality standards for manufacturing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of optical measuring device is mentioned as used by Plastilens?

<p>Spectrophotometer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might different material compositions affect the results of the study?

<p>They can alter scratch resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Polysaccharide

A type of carbohydrate that can be broken down into smaller sugar molecules.

Polyurethane

A synthetic material made up of urethane groups connected to polymer units.

Silica-based compounds

A synthetic material containing silicon and oxygen.

Solvent

A substance that can dissolve other substances.

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Susceptibility

The extent to which a material is affected by a specific agent.

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Chitosan

A natural polymer derived from chitin, found in crustacean shells.

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Superhydrophobic

A coating that repels water.

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Superoleophilic

A coating that attracts oil.

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CR-39 Lenses

A type of plastic resin commonly used in eyeglass lenses, known for its lightweight and optical properties.

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Scratch-Resistant Coatings

Coatings applied to lens surfaces to enhance durability and scratch resistance.

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Wear Resistance

The ability of a material to resist damage from wear and tear.

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Sustainability

The focus on environmentally friendly practices and reducing a product's impact on the environment.

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Superhydrophobic Coatings

Coatings that repel water and other liquids, making them easier to clean and resist moisture.

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Chemical Modification

The process of changing the chemical structure of a material to improve its properties.

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Mechanical Properties

Improving the material's ability to withstand stress and strain, making it more durable.

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Sampling Technique

A method used to select a representative sample from a larger population. The researchers aimed for a sample that reflects the variety of lenses commonly used.

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Lens Material

The material used to create the lenses. Using CR-39 lenses ensured a consistent base material for testing.

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Lens Curvature

The shape of the lens. Including both plus and minus lenses ensured a balanced evaluation.

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Research Locale

The process of making the coating and conducting tests at a specific location.

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Scratch Resistance Evaluation

The method used to measure the effectiveness of the anti-scratch coating.

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ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)

A statistical test used to analyze the difference between the mean values of groups. This helps determine if there is a significant difference in scratch resistance between the coatings.

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Data Protocol

A checklist used to document the procedures and results of the coating performance evaluation.

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Optical Clarity Test

A type of test used to evaluate the clarity of lenses, coatings, or other optical materials.

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Transmission Percentage

Measures how much light passes through a material.

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Surface Smoothness

Indicates how smooth or uneven the surface of a material is.

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Abrasion Resistance Test

Assesses how resistant a coating is to scratching or abrasion.

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Number of Cycles

The number of times a material is rubbed or scratched before damage occurs.

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Abrasive Type

The type of material used to scratch or rub the coating.

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Visible Surface Wear

Determines the visibility of wear on the coating's surface after an abrasion test.

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Surface Roughness Change

Measures the change in the surface texture of the material before and after abrasion.

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Temperature's Impact on Materials

Temperature affects the material's flexibility, adhesion, and stability. It also impacts how well it handles thermal stresses.

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Humidity's Impact on Materials

Humidity affects material resistance towards factors like corrosion, degradation, and swelling. It's important for understanding material's performance in various environments.

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Why Control Temperature and Humidity?

During testing, carefully monitor temperature and humidity to get accurate results that mimic real-world usage scenarios.

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Importance of Notes in Testing

Notes/Observations provide qualitative data about things like color, texture, or unusual behavior, adding context to the quantitative results.

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How Observations Help Interpret Results

Qualitative information from observations helps explain why quantitative data is the way it is and reveals potential issues or interesting trends.

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Qualitative Data Complements Quantitative

Qualitative information helps you form a complete picture of how the material behaves under testing conditions.

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Observations Guide Future Research

Recording observations helps to pinpoint specific reasons for material behavior and guides future research.

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Ethical Clearance in Research

Ethical clearance ensures that all research follows ethical standards and is carried out responsibly.

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Coating Application Process

The process of applying a protective coating onto lenses. It involves preparation of the coating solution, application to the lenses, and evaluation using specific tests.

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Scratch Resistance Test

A test that determines the ability of a coating to resist scratches or abrasions on the lens surface.

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Optical Transparency Test

A test assessing how well a coating allows light to pass through, providing clear vision.

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Research Instrument Evaluation

A set of criteria used to evaluate the quality and effectiveness of the chosen research instruments.

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Data Recording Protocol

A specialized document that dictates how data collected during the study should be recorded, organized, and analyzed.

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Ethical Standards

Guidelines and standards that ensure the research is conducted ethically and respects the well-being of participants.

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Validator's Approval

A formal review and approval by an expert in the relevant field, confirming the instrument's validity and suitability for use in the research study.

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Study Notes

Thesis Information

  • Title: Innovative Use of Chitosan Powder in Developing Eco-Friendly Scratch-Resistant Coatings for CR-39 Ophthalmic Lenses
  • Submitted by: Bello, Althea Faye; Eustaquio, Justin Gabrielle; Francisco, Jesus Aviel; Ingal, Danica Ishi; Ragas, Christine Joy; Umila, Jarra Bedhel; Zarco, Stephanie Allyson
  • Submitted to: Dr. Carol A. Gariando
  • Presented to: Faculty of School of Optometry, Centro Escolar University

Introduction

  • Ophthalmic lenses have evolved beyond simple vision correction to include features like UV protection, blue light filtration, and scratch resistance.
  • Demand for sustainable coatings is growing in the optical industry.
  • Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide derived from crustacean shells, is a promising sustainable alternative to traditional synthetic coatings.
  • Chitosan has various biomedical and ophthalmic applications: bacterial adhesion reduction, fog effect elimination, and UV protection.

Background of the Study

  • CR-39 lenses are popular due to their lightweight and impact resistance.
  • Traditional coatings have environmental concerns due to being non-biodegradable and harmful.
  • Chitosan, with its biodegradable and non-toxic nature, is a promising alternative.
  • The study aims to evaluate chitosan's effectiveness in providing scratch resistance, reducing environmental impact, and overall suitability.
  • The study involves extensive field testing of chitosan-treated CR-39 lenses under various conditions.

Specific Objectives

  • Determine chitosan powder's ability to create scratch-resistance coating.
  • Formulate and optimize chitosan-based coating for enhanced lens performance.
  • Test coated lenses under various conditions (heat, wiping) to evaluate adhesion quality and durability.

Hypothesis

  • Null Hypothesis (H₀): Chitosan powder is not an effective material in scratch resistance coatings for CR-39 Ophthalmic Lenses.
  • Alternative Hypothesis (H₁): Chitosan powder is an effective material in scratch resistance coatings for CR-39 Ophthalmic Lenses.

Significance of the Study

  • Benefits the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).
  • Supports the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR).
  • Provides additional livelihood for fishermen and fisheries.
  • Improves the environment of optical laboratories, optometrists, and future researchers in the optics field.
  • Offers a valuable resource on sustainable practices.

Limitations

  • Sampling technique may not represent the entire CR-39 market.
  • Laboratory testing may not reflect real-world conditions and user handling.
  • Instrument accuracy may affect the reliability of the results.

Delimitations

  • Focuses specifically on CR-39 lenses, evaluating chitosan powder as a coating.
  • Excludes other biopolymers or chemical modifications.
  • Only evaluates scratch resistance, optical clarity, adhesion, and durability.
  • Confined to controlled conditions, not real-world, long-term exposure.

Definitions of Terms

  • Adhesion: The ability of different substances to adhere to one another.
  • Bio-based: A material derived from living organisms.
  • Biocompatibility: The ability to interact with a biological system without causing harmful effects.
  • Biodegradability: The ability to be broken down naturally by organisms in an ecosystem.
  • Biomedical: The relation of scientific activities and applications to clinical medicine.
  • Biopolymer: Materials manufactured from biological sources (fats, vegetable oils, sugars, resins, proteins).
  • CR-39 lenses: A type of plastic lens material known for its impact resistance and optical clarity.
  • Chemicals: Substances with a defined composition.
  • Chitin: A cationic and biodegradable polymer found in crustacean shells.
  • Chitosan: A polysaccharide derived from chitin.
  • Cross-linkers: Molecules that connect molecules by a covalent bond.
  • Deacetylation: The removal of acetyl groups from organic compounds.
  • Glutaraldehyde: An organic compound with the formula C5H8O2 containing two aldehyde groups.
  • Glycerol: A colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid.
  • Hydrophilic: Having an affinity for water; absorbing or dissolving in water.
  • Hydrophobic: Resistant to water; repelling water.
  • Innocuous: Not harmful or dangerous.
  • Plasticizers: Low molecular weight substances added to polymers to increase flexibility.
  • Polysaccharide: A carbohydrate that can be broken down into monosaccharides.
  • Polyurethane: A synthetic resin compound containing urethane groups.
  • Silica-based compounds: Synthetic material containing silicon and oxygen.
  • Solvents: Substances capable of dissolving one or more substances.
  • Susceptibility: The degree to which a material is affected by a particular agent or condition.
  • Zhou et al. (2022) developed a method for processing durable, sustainable superhydrophobic chitosan-based coatings from waste crab shells.
  • Aguilar-Ruiz et al. (2023) studied chitosan-based coatings for corrosion prevention in seawater.
  • Various studies highlight chitosan's potential in diverse applications, including biomedical, environmental protection, and material engineering.

Chapter 3: Methods and Procedures

  • Research will use a quantitative quasi-experimental design.
  • Eco-friendly scratch-resistant coatings are developed using chitosan powder, dip coating, spin coating, etc.
  • The study will use CR-39 lenses without existing coatings.
  • The study includes testing under various conditions (heat and wiping) to assess adhesion quality and durability.
  • The study uses checklists to record test data for scratch resistance, adhesion, and durability.
  • ANOVA will be used to statistically compare the mean scratch resistance.

Research Subjects

  • The study uses CR-39 ophthalmic lenses (+3.00 D to -3.00 D).

Research Locale

  • Plastilens International Inc. (PII) in Manila, Philippines.
  • ISO certified, known as a trusted partner in the ophthalmic industry.

Sampling Technique

  • Material composition: Using CR-39 lenses without existing coatings.
  • Application method: Dip, spray, spin coating for even coating distribution
  • Testing conditions: Normal room temperature for unbiased results. Random systematic for various lens curvatures.

Research Instruments

  • Spectrophotometer for measuring optical clarity.
  • Scratch resistance testers.
  • Checklist for Data Recording to document testing procedures (scratch resistance, optical clarity, etc.).
  • Statistical tests (ANOVA) to analyze data and identify significant differences between various formulations and control groups.

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Innovative Chitosan Coatings for CR-39 Lenses - Centro Escolar University

Description

Test your understanding of the research instrument feedback form related to coating performance evaluation. This quiz covers various sections, criteria, and practical applications outlined in the provided content. Challenge your knowledge on approval processes and environmental concerns associated with coatings.

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