Research Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

To determine if there's a significant difference in the acceptability of four different cake recipes, which statistical tool is most appropriate?

  • Chi-square test
  • T-test
  • Correlation
  • ANOVA (correct)

Which research instrument is utilized MOST commonly in data collection?

  • Focus Group Discussion
  • Interview Guide
  • Questionnaire (correct)
  • Observation Checklist

What key attribute should recommendations in a research study possess?

  • Broad
  • Attainable (correct)
  • Abstract
  • Theoretical

What term refers to the entire group of individuals or items about which a researcher wants to draw conclusions?

<p>Population (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A table showing the number of individuals or cases located in each category on a measurement scale is an example of what?

<p>Frequency Distribution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When comparing the performance of students from private versus public schools, which statistical test is most suitable to determine significant differences?

<p>T-test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sampling method ensures that every member of the population has an equal and known chance of being selected?

<p>Random Sampling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sampling technique involves participants recruiting other participants for the study?

<p>Snowball Sampling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data is primarily characterized by numeric values?

<p>Quantitative Data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Selecting respondents based on their ability to provide relevant data for a study is characteristic of which sampling method?

<p>Purposive Sampling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In research, interviews are primarily used to gather what type of data?

<p>Qualitative Data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a survey of 100 randomly selected Grade 12 students, what constitutes the sample population?

<p>The 100 selected students (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of attaching meaning to collected data called?

<p>Data Interpretation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The section of a research report that includes in-depth analyses, interpretation of data, and the study's findings is called:

<p>Results and Discussion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the conceptual framework's role in research?

<p>A skeletal model of the research (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method exemplifies simple random sampling?

<p>Picking numbers from a hat to match names (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Presenting research data in paragraph form is known as what type of data presentation?

<p>Textual (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves organizing data into a suitable format for analysis and interpretation?

<p>Data Presentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statistical tool is most suitable for determining the effectiveness level of different teaching strategies?

<p>Weighted Mean (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component of a research report provides a concise overview of the main outcomes of the study?

<p>Summary of Findings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

ANOVA

Statistical tool to determine significant differences in the acceptability of multiple treatments.

Questionnaire

A research instrument consisting of a series of questions for gathering information.

Attainable Recommendation

A characteristic of a recommendation that it should be achievable and realistic.

Population

All individuals or items sharing a characteristic of interest in a study.

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Frequency Distribution

A descriptive statistic showing the number of cases in each category.

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T-Test

Statistical tool used to determine significant differences between two groups.

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Random Sampling

Sampling where every population member has an equal chance of selection.

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Snowball Sampling

Sampling technique where participants recruit subsequent participants.

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Quantitative Data

Data represented in numeric form.

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Purposive Sampling

Non-probability sampling where specific respondents are chosen for their expertise.

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Qualitative Interviews

A method of data collection that gathers descriptive information.

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Sample Population

The specific subset of the entire population that is being studied.

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Data Interpretation

The process of assigning meaning and significance to collected data.

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Results and Discussion

Section presenting study findings with in-depth analysis.

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Conceptual Framework

A visual or written model that outlines the relationships between key variables.

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Simple Random Sampling

Randomly selecting participants from a list.

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Textual Form

Data presented in written paragraphs.

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Data Presentation

The action of organizing data into a clear and understandable layout.

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Weighted Mean

Statistical tool to determine the effectiveness level.

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Summary of Findings

Concise compilation of the key discoveries from the research.

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Study Notes

  • ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) is optimally used to find the significant difference in acceptability levels among four or more different treatments.
  • The questionnaire is the most commonly used research instrument.
  • Recommendations should be attainable, feasible, and workable.
  • A population refers to all people or items with specific characteristics that are intended to be understood and inferred.
  • Descriptive statistics use frequency distribution to record the number of individuals or cases in each measurement scale category.
  • A t-test is used to determine the significant difference between two groups, such as private versus public institutions.
  • Random sampling means every population member has an equal chance of selection.
  • Snowball sampling is also known as chain referral sampling.
  • Quantitative data is data collected in numeric form.
  • Purposive sampling involves choosing respondents who can provide the needed data for the study.
  • Interviews are examples of qualitative data collection methods.
  • In a survey of 100 randomly selected Grade 12 students, the sample population is 100.
  • Data interpretation is the process of assigning meaning to data.
  • Results and discussion include study findings with in-depth analyses and data interpretation.
  • A conceptual framework is the skeletal model of research.
  • Simple random sampling can involve picking numbers from a hat and matching them to names in a telephone book.
  • Textual form of data presentation is in paragraph form.
  • Data presentation is the process of presenting data in a suitable form.
  • Weighted mean is a statistical tool used to determine the effectiveness level of a certain teaching strategy.
  • Summary of findings are the results of the research study.
  • Recommendations are suggestions on how to handle the conclusion.
  • F-test is also called ANOVA.
  • Convenience sampling is an easy and economical approach, but it is not preferred, even in qualitative studies; it is also called a volunteer sample.
  • Plagiarism is presenting someone else’s work or ideas as one's own without full acknowledgement.
  • Chapter V covers findings, conclusions, and recommendations for the research topic.
  • The Likert scaling technique allows respondents to indicate their agreement or disagreement level with statements.
  • Research design discusses the general approach for answering fundamental research questions.
  • A summated rating scale is another name for a Likert Scale.
  • Instrumentation and data collection presents how the validity and reliability of research instruments were established.
  • Sources of data describe the study's locale and the place where the study is conducted.
  • An experimental research design is used to examine cause-and-effect relationships between variables systematically.
  • Sources of data describe the subject of interest and the procedure for obtaining the sample size.
  • Conclusions demonstrate the understanding of the research problem based on the findings.
  • Tools for data analysis determines and justifies the statistical treatment for each problem.
  • Chapter IV shows the interpretation of the data collected from the participants of the research.
  • Randomization differentiates probability and non-probability sampling; it is involved in probability sampling.
  • Percentage is a statistical tool used to determine the demographic profile of respondents in terms of age, civil status, and religion.
  • The population surveyed was 230 teachers.

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