12 Questions
What is the primary goal of phenomenology in research?
To understand how people find their experiences meaningful
What type of research design is used to describe the characteristics of a subject or phenomenon?
Descriptive research design
What is the term for the entire group of people or items with the characteristic one wishes to understand and draw inferences about?
Population
What is the purpose of a case study in qualitative research?
To find answers to why a particular phenomenon occurs
What is the term for a subset of the population that represents the entire population?
Sample
What is a characteristic of simple random sampling?
Every member of the population has a known and equal chance of being selected
What is the primary characteristic of Systematic Random Sampling?
Following regular intervals from a list
Which type of sampling is used when the target respondents are spread across a geographical location?
Cluster Sampling
What is the primary advantage of Voluntary Sampling?
There is no need for a selection process
What is the primary difference between Primary Data and Secondary Data?
Primary Data is collected firsthand, while Secondary Data is collected by someone else
What is the purpose of a Percentage Frequency Distribution?
To display data that specifies the percentage of observations
What is the primary characteristic of Purposive or Judgmental Sampling?
Selecting people whom the researcher believes correspond to the objectives of the study
Study Notes
Probability Sampling
- Systematic Random Sampling: a sampling method that selects samples at regular intervals from a list
- Example: Population = 500, Sample size = 50
- Stratified Random Sampling: divides the population into groups (strata) and applies simple random sampling to select samples from each group
- Example: Desired sample size of 50 to Grade 12 HUMSS
- Cluster Sampling: used when the target respondents are spread across a geographical location
- The population is grouped into clusters
Non-Probability Sampling
- Quota Sampling: chooses a specific set of persons who have the characteristics of the target population
- Voluntary Sampling: relies on subjects who volunteer to participate in the study
- Purposive or Judgmental Sampling: chooses people who correspond to the objectives of the study
- Availability Sampling: selects people who are willing to interact with the researcher
- Snowball Sampling: does not give a specific set of samples, often used for unspecified groups
Types of Data and Data Collection
- Primary Data: original data collected for the first time
- Secondary Data: data collected by someone else that has already been processed statistically
Research Design
- Descriptive Research Design: describes the characteristics or behavior of the subjects being studied
- Does not attempt to answer "why" or make predictions
Qualitative Research
- Case Study: seeks to find answers to why something occurs, often in social care, nursing, psychology, rehabilitation centers, education, etc.
- Phenomenology: studies how people find meaning in their experiences
- Seeks to understand experiences about death of loved ones, care for handicapped persons, friendliness of people, etc.
Sources of Data
- Respondents of the study: individuals who participate in the study
- Sampling plan: describes the procedure used to get the sample size
- Sample: a subset of the population that represents the entire population
- Population: all people or items with the characteristic being studied
Learn about different research design approaches, including descriptive research design and case study, and their applications in understanding research questions.
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