Reptiles Birds Mammals Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What are amniotes?

  • Reptiles
  • Birds
  • Mammals
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What are the characteristics of an amniote?

    Amniotic egg, internal fertilization, water-tight skin

    What is an amniotic egg?

    Egg with a waterproof shell

    What are the parts of an amniotic egg?

    <p>Amnion, chorion, allantois, yolksac, yolk, embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the amnion?

    <p>A membrane that surrounds the embryo as it is developing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the chorion?

    <p>Allows for gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the allantois?

    <p>Responsible for waste disposal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the yolksac do?

    <p>Surrounds the yolk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the yolk?

    <p>The nutrient source for the developing embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an embryo?

    <p>Develops into the 'young' of the species it was hatched from</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class do reptiles belong to?

    <p>Reptilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the scales of reptiles made of?

    <p>Keratin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of body temperature do reptiles have?

    <p>Ectothermic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ectothermic mean?

    <p>Body temperature is controlled by the environment that they are in</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did reptiles first appear on Earth?

    <p>In the Carboniferous period about 300 million years ago</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did reptiles probably evolve from?

    <p>Amphibians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was there a great diversity of reptiles?

    <p>In the Mesozoic Era</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What era is known as The Age of Reptiles?

    <p>The Mesozoic Era</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the diversity of mammals?

    <p>The dinosaur extinction about 65 million years ago</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the 4 orders of reptiles?

    <p>Order Testudines, Order Squamata, Order Crocodilia, Order Rhynchocephalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What animals are in the Order Testudines?

    <p>Turtles and tortoises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the differences between turtles and tortoises?

    <p>Turtles live in water, while tortoises are bigger and terrestrial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the parts of a turtle/tortoise shell?

    <p>Carapace and plastron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the carapace?

    <p>Top of the shell, dome-shaped portion of the shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the plastron?

    <p>Belly/bottom of the shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What animals are in the order Squamata?

    <p>Lizards and snakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Snakes and lizards contain a _________________ on the roof of their mouth.

    <p>Jacobson Organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Jacobson Organ?

    <p>Sense of chemicals and surroundings for predators (similar to sense of smell)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lizards have the ability to regrow their tail which is _________.

    <p>Autotomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What order do crocodiles and alligators belong to?

    <p>Order Crocodilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reptiles are most closely related to dinosaurs?

    <p>Crocodiles and alligators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reptiles hunt by stealth?

    <p>Alligators and crocodiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reptiles show parental care?

    <p>Alligators and crocodiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reptiles are the closest living reptiles to birds?

    <p>Alligators and crocodiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which order of reptiles is native to New Zealand?

    <p>Order Rhynchocephalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which order of reptiles has a parietal eye that acts as a thermostat?

    <p>Order Rhynchocephalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Birds have what kind of body temperature?

    <p>Endothermic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does endothermic mean?

    <p>Temperature is regulated internally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Feathers are modified _______.

    <p>Scales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class do birds belong to?

    <p>Class Aves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did birds likely evolve from?

    <p>Dinosaurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did birds evolve?

    <p>During the Mesozoic Era about 150 million years ago</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oldest fossil of birds called?

    <p>Archaeopteryx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the features of archaeopteryx?

    <p>Had clawed forelimbs, teeth, tail with vertebrae, and feathers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the 5 flying styles?

    <p>Rapidly change altitude, soaring and gliding, hovering, short flights, flightless birds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Amniotes

    • Amniotes consist of birds, reptiles, and mammals.
    • Characteristics include an amniotic egg, internal fertilization, and water-tight skin.

    Amniotic Egg

    • Defined as an egg with a waterproof shell.
    • Contains several key parts: amnion, chorion, allantois, yolksac, yolk, and embryo.

    Parts of the Amniotic Egg

    • Amnion: Membrane that surrounds the developing embryo.
    • Chorion: Facilitates gas exchange during development.
    • Allantois: Primarily responsible for waste disposal.
    • Yolksac: Surrounds the yolk, providing nutrients.
    • Yolk: Nutrient source for the embryo.
    • Embryo: Develops into the young of the species.

    Reptiles

    • Belong to the class Reptilia.
    • Scales are made of keratin.
    • Exhibit ectothermic body temperature, meaning their temperature is regulated by the environment.
    • First appeared during the Carboniferous period, about 300 million years ago.
    • Likely evolved from amphibians.
    • Experienced great diversity during the Mesozoic Era, known as the Age of Reptiles.

    Diversity of Mammals

    • The extinction of dinosaurs, around 65 million years ago, led to the diversity of mammals.

    Orders of Reptiles

    • Four main orders: Order Testudines, Order Squamata, Order Crocodilia, Order Rhynchocephalia.
    • Order Testudines includes turtles and tortoises; turtles inhabit water, while tortoises are larger and terrestrial.
    • Turtle shells consist of carapace (top) and plastron (bottom).

    Order Squamata

    • Comprises lizards and snakes.
    • Possesses a Jacobson Organ for chemical detection, aiding in predation.
    • Lizards can regrow their tails through a process known as autotomy.

    Order Crocodilia

    • Includes crocodiles and alligators, the closest living relatives to dinosaurs.
    • These reptiles hunt by stealth and exhibit parental care.

    Order Rhynchocephalia

    • Native to New Zealand and features a parietal eye that serves as a thermostat.

    Birds

    • Classified under class Aves and maintain endothermic body temperature controlled internally.
    • Evolved from dinosaurs during the Mesozoic Era, around 150 million years ago.
    • The oldest known bird fossil is Archaeopteryx, distinguished by clawed forelimbs, teeth, vertebral tail, and feathers.
    • Feathers are modified scales.

    Flight Styles in Birds

    • Birds demonstrate five types of flying styles:
      • Rapid altitude changes.
      • Soaring and gliding.
      • Hovering.
      • Short flights.
      • Flightless species.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on amniotes, including reptiles, birds, and mammals with these informative flashcards. Learn about the characteristics, structure, and functions of amniotic eggs and other related terms. This quiz is a great way to reinforce your understanding of these fascinating animals.

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