Reproductive Medicine and Pharmacology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the abbreviation for sex-hormone binding globulin?

  • BPH
  • LH
  • T
  • SHBG (correct)

    • Which cells produce anti-Mullerian hormone in male reproductive organs?

  • Wolffian duct
  • Sertoli cells (correct)
  • Mullerian duct
  • Leydig cells

    • What is the abbreviation for dihydrotestosterone?

  • E
  • DHT (correct)
  • FSH
  • GnRH

    • Which hormone is responsible for the differentiation of male and female reproductive organs in the absence of anti-Mullerian hormone, testosterone, and DHT?

    <p>Estrogen (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is produced by Leydig cells in male reproductive organs?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abbreviation for benign prostatic hyperplasia?

    <p>BPH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which duct is responsible for the differentiation of female reproductive organs in the absence of anti-Mullerian hormone, testosterone, and DHT?

    <p>Mullerian duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for the inhibition of spermatogenesis due to direct effects on the testes?

    <p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by the absence of the vas deferens?

    <p>Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is implicated in the development of infertility due to its impact on temperature regulation?

    <p>Cryptorchidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of infertility in males with varicocele?

    <p>Impaired temperature regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of post-testicular male infertility?

    <p>Congenital or acquired ductal obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of BPH?

    <p>Androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the male reproductive system is primarily responsible for testosterone production?

    <p>Interstitial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone regulates the movement and action of other hormones in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis?

    <p>Luteinizing hormone (LH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by the absence of the Mullerian duct in males?

    <p>Androgen insensitivity syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Regulation of hormone movement and action within the male reproductive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication therapy is commonly used for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?

    <p>Alpha1 receptor blockers and 5 alpha reductase inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of male infertility according to the text?

    <p>Genetic abnormalities affecting sperm production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can contribute to signal problems in male infertility?

    <p>Hyperprolactinemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of androgen deprivation in the treatment of BPH?

    <p>It affects various actions in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two medications are included in the management algorithm for BPH?

    <p>Dutasteride and tamsulosin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for normal structure and function of the male reproductive system, including the production of sperm?

    <p>Hormone movement and action within the male reproductive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is involved in the conversion of testosterone to DHT?

    <p>5-α-reductase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of full-term male infants are affected by cryptorchidism?

    <p>2-5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone plays a role in male development?

    <p>DHT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What regulates spermatogenesis and testosterone formation in the male reproductive system?

    <p>GnRH, FSH, LH, and inhibin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein contributes to hormonal regulation in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Androgen-binding protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main hormone involved in the endocrine control of the male reproductive system?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system controls the male reproductive system and involves GnRH, FSH, LH, and inhibin?

    <p>Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is the primary hormone responsible for enhancing Ca2+ uptake from the small intestine?

    <p>Vitamin D (Calcitriol)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of PTH on phosphate handling?

    <p>Promote phosphate excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone acts directly on osteoclasts and blocks bone resorption induced by hormones like PTH and Vitamin D?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bone makes up 80% of the skeletal mass and is slowly remodeled?

    <p>Cortical bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary target of 1, 25-(OH)2D3 (Vitamin D) in the body?

    <p>Intestines and bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in primary hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Chief cell adenomas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for hypoparathyroidism?

    <p>PTH therapy (Natpara)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important etiologic factor for osteoporosis?

    <p>Gonadal steroid deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteoporosis?

    <p>Induce osteoclast apoptosis, suppress bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Osteomalacia?

    <p>Vitamin D deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by bone resorption exceeding bone deposition?

    <p>Osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for Medullary Carcinoma (Thyroid) causing hypercalcitoninemia?

    <p>Thyroid surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

    <p>Mobilizes calcium from bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells in the parathyroid glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

    <p>Chief cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Ca2+-Sensing Receptor (CaSR)?

    <p>Modulates calcium levels in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily responsible for calcium balance in adults?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of production regulation for calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol/Vitamin D3)?

    <p>Kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does parathyroid hormone (PTH) affect plasma calcium levels?

    <p>Increases plasma Ca2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary target of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the body?

    <p>Bone, kidneys, intestines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone binding activates adenylyl cyclase and intracellular calcium mobilization?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Ca2+-Sensing Receptor (CaSR) expressed in the body?

    <p>Kidneys, thyroid C cells, brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of receptor is the Ca2+-Sensing Receptor (CaSR)?

    <p>GPCR (plasma receptor)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone controls calcium homeostasis and is very sensitive to small changes in serum calcium concentration?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on the kidneys?

    <p>Enhances renal reabsorption of calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Reproductive Medicine and Pharmacology

    • Sarah, a 25-year-old pregnant pharmacy tech, is filling a finasteride prescription, which inhibits the conversion of testosterone to DHT.
    • Exposure to finasteride during pregnancy poses potential risks to both Sarah and her fetus due to its impact on androgen conversion.
    • Androgen exposure can affect the development of a female fetus and cause androgen deficiency in a male fetus.
    • The development of male and female phenotypic fetuses involves different duct systems and hormones, with DHT playing a role in male development.
    • Cryptorchidism, undescended testicles, affects 2-5% of full-term male infants and 30% of premature infants, potentially leading to decreased fertility.
    • Testosterone formation and metabolism involve 5-α-reductase type I and II, SHBG, and factors that can increase or decrease SHBG levels.
    • Androgen action influences the development of male characteristics, HPA gonadotropin secretion, sexual maturation, and secondary sexual characteristics.
    • Spermatogenesis involves germ cell development, FSH and LH regulation, and high intratesticular testosterone levels.
    • The anatomy of the male reproductive system and the duct system of the testis play crucial roles in reproductive function and hormone regulation.
    • The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis controls the male reproductive system, involving GnRH, FSH, LH, and inhibin for spermatogenesis and testosterone formation.
    • The endocrine control of the male reproductive system includes androgen-binding protein, dihydrotestosterone, estradiol, and testosterone, all contributing to hormonal regulation.
    • The text contains figures and excerpts from medical textbooks, and the content is copyrighted by McGraw-Hill Education.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of reproductive medicine and pharmacology with this quiz covering topics such as androgen conversion, fetal development, testosterone metabolism, spermatogenesis, male reproductive system anatomy, and endocrine control. This quiz contains copyrighted content from medical textbooks.

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