Reproduction in Organisms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of reproduction?

  • To prevent extinction
  • To maintain species continuity (correct)
  • To produce food
  • To facilitate growth

Asexual reproduction requires two organisms to reproduce.

False (B)

What is formed when a sperm and an ovum fuse together?

zygote

Animals that produce only one type of reproductive cell are termed __________ animals.

<p>unisexual</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods is NOT a form of asexual reproduction?

<p>Fertilisation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the reproductive terms with their definitions:

<p>Gametes = Reproductive cells produced by males and females Fertilisation = Fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote Hermaphrodites = Organisms possessing both male and female reproductive organs Unisexual = Organisms that produce one type of reproductive cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fertilisation can occur both externally and internally.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one example of an organism that reproduces externally.

<p>frog</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the prostate gland?

<p>To secrete prostate fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The urethra carries only urine at all times.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells do the testes produce?

<p>Sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _______ is where fertilization occurs and connects the ovaries to the uterus.

<p>fallopian tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to unused eggs in the ovaries?

<p>They disintegrate and pass out during menstruation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following reproductive organs with their primary functions:

<p>Ovaries = Produce egg cells Uterus = Nurtures the fertilized egg Cervix = Connects uterus to the vagina Prostate Gland = Secretes fluid for semen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Testosterone is produced in the ovaries.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the penis in the male reproductive system?

<p>To transfer urine and sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of an embryo called when all body parts can be identified?

<p>Foetus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The mother determines the sex of the baby.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many chromosomes are there in total in each cell of a human being?

<p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

Males have __________ sex chromosomes.

<p>XY</p> Signup and view all the answers

What weight range does a baby typically fall into at birth?

<p>6 to 8 pounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Zygote = The fertilized egg cell Embryo = An early stage of development before it becomes identifiable Foetus = The stage where all body parts are identifiable Chromosomes = Structures that carry genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

There is a 50% probability of having male or female children in each pregnancy.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of sex chromosomes do females possess?

<p>XX</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fertilisation occurs when the fusion of a male and female gamete happens outside the female body?

<p>External fertilisation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All the eggs laid by aquatic animals result in fertilisation and develop into new individuals.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is formed after the fertilisation of an egg in internal fertilisation?

<p>Zygote</p> Signup and view all the answers

In humans, the complete development of the embryo takes place inside the female's __________.

<p>body</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following animals with the type of fertilisation they exhibit:

<p>Fish = External fertilisation Hen = Internal fertilisation Earthworm = Internal fertilisation Starfish = External fertilisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding internal fertilisation?

<p>The eggs are fertilised inside the female body. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hermaphrodites such as earthworms fertilise their own eggs.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the scrotum in the male reproductive system?

<p>It holds the testes in place.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a viviparous animal?

<p>Fish (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process in which a hen provides warmth to her eggs is called gestation.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the transformation of larva into an adult in insects?

<p>metamorphosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Animals that lay eggs are called __________ animals.

<p>oviparous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of animals with their reproductive method:

<p>Cat = Viviparous Frog = Oviparous Elephant = Viviparous Fish = Oviparous</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it typically take for a chick to develop from an egg?

<p>21 days (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Viviparous animals give birth to live young ones.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the hatching process?

<p>The chick breaks open the eggshell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Viviparous species rely on __________ for embryo development.

<p>maternal nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone controls the development of tadpoles into adults?

<p>Thyroxin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Amoeba reproduces asexually through the process of budding.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way that hydra reproduces asexually?

<p>Budding</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the absence of sufficient iodine, tadpoles cannot become _____ adults.

<p>mature</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism undergoes binary fission?

<p>Amoeba (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of twins with their description:

<p>Identical Twins = Formed from one egg and one sperm cell Non-identical Twins = Formed from two different egg and sperm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Plasmodium reproduces sexually.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are fraternal twins scientifically known as?

<p>Dizygotic twins</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Reproduction

The process by which living organisms create new organisms of their own kind.

Sexual reproduction

Reproduction involving two parent organisms, usually a male and a female, to produce offspring.

Asexual reproduction

Reproduction involving only one parent organism to produce offspring.

Gametes

Reproductive cells produced by male and female organisms.

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Sperm

The male gamete.

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Ovum or egg

The female gamete.

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Fertilization

The fusion of a sperm and ovum, creating a new cell called a zygote.

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Unisexual animals

Organisms that have separate male and female reproductive organs.

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External fertilization

Fertilization occurs outside the female's body. This usually takes place in water, with both eggs and sperm released into the environment.

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Internal fertilization

Fertilization takes place inside the body of the female. The male deposits sperm directly into the female's reproductive system.

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Testes

A male reproductive organ responsible for producing sperm and testosterone.

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Scrotum

A protective sac that holds the testes, keeping them at a slightly cooler temperature than the rest of the body.

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Hermaphroditism

A type of reproductive strategy where an individual possesses both male and female reproductive organs.

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Zygote

A single-celled zygote formed by the fusion of an egg and sperm.

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Egg shell

A protective outer layer of an egg, often composed of calcium carbonate, which helps shield the developing embryo.

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Viviparous animals

Animals that give birth to live young ones.

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Oviparous animals

Animals that lay eggs.

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Incubation

The process of a hen sitting on her eggs to provide warmth and help the embryos develop.

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Metamorphosis

Drastic changes that transform a larva (baby) into an adult, like a caterpillar turning into a butterfly.

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Direct development

The development of a baby animal that resembles the adult from birth, without any significant changes.

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Transformation

The change from one stage to another by changing body form, like a caterpillar to a butterfly.

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Insect hormones

Hormones that control the process of metamorphosis in insects.

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Foetus

The stage of embryonic development where all body parts are recognizable.

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Sex Chromosomes

A pair of chromosomes that determines the sex of a child.

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Y Chromosome

The male sex chromosome.

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X Chromosome

The female sex chromosome.

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Sex Determination

The sex of a child is determined at fertilization. The father's sperm determines the gender.

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Mother's Role in Sex Determination

The belief that the mother is responsible for the sex of her child is wrong.

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Male Reproductive Organs

Male reproductive organs are the testes, prostate gland, sperm ducts, and urethra. They produce sperm, testosterone, and fluids that help transport and nourish the sperm.

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Testes Function

The testes produce millions of sperm cells, which are the male gametes involved in fertilization. They also produce testosterone, the primary male sex hormone.

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Prostate Gland Function

The prostate gland produces prostate fluid, which is a component of semen. Semen is the mixture of sperm and fluids.

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Sperm Ducts

Sperm ducts transfer sperm from the testes to the urethra. They also collect secretions from glands like the prostate, forming semen.

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Urethra Function

The urethra is a tube inside the penis that carries both urine and semen. It is the final pathway for both excretory and reproductive functions.

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Penis Function

The penis is a muscular organ that expands and contracts. It helps transfer semen during sexual activity and also releases urine.

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Female Reproductive Organs

The female reproductive organs include ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and vagina. They produce eggs, nurture a developing fetus, and facilitate childbirth.

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Ovaries Function

Ovaries produce eggs or ova, the female gametes involved in fertilization. They also produce hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

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Binary Fission

A type of asexual reproduction where a single-celled organism divides into two identical daughter cells.

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Budding

A form of asexual reproduction in which a new individual develops as an outgrowth from the parent organism.

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Non-identical Twins (Fraternal Twins)

A type of twin resulting from fertilization of two different egg cells by two sperm cells.

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Identical Twins (Monozygotic Twins)

A type of twin resulting from the splitting of a single fertilized egg cell (zygote) into two identical embryos.

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Tadpole Metamorphosis

The process by which a tadpole grows into a frog, controlled by the hormone thyroxin.

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Thyroxin

A chemical substance produced by the thyroid gland that is essential for the growth and development of amphibians. Its production requires iodine.

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Iodine

A chemical element necessary for the production of thyroxin, which is essential for the transformation of a tadpole into a frog.

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Study Notes

Reproduction in Organisms

  • Reproduction is the process of producing organisms of one's own kind, essential for the continuity of life on Earth.
  • There are two main types of reproduction: sexual and asexual.
  • Sexual reproduction involves two organisms of the same species, usually a male and a female.
  • Asexual reproduction involves only a single parent.

Sexual Reproduction

  • Involves two individuals of the same species.
  • Involves the fusion of male (sperm) and female (egg) gametes.
  • Produces offspring with a combination of genetic material from both parents.
  • Common in plants and animals.

Asexual Reproduction

  • Involves only one parent.
  • No fusion of gametes.
  • Offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
  • Common in many organisms, including some plants and simple animals.

Fertilisation

  • Fertilisation is the fusion of male and female gametes.
  • Two types of fertilisation: external and internal.
  • External fertilisation occurs outside the body of the female.
  • Internal fertilisation occurs inside the body of the female.

Viviparous Animals

  • Viviparous animals give birth to live young.
  • The embryo develops inside the mother's body, receiving nourishment from her.
  • Examples include humans, cats, dogs, and whales.

Oviparous Animals

  • Oviparous animals lay eggs.
  • The embryo develops outside the mother's body, receiving nourishment from the yolk inside the egg.
  • Examples include birds, reptiles, and some fish.

Metamorphosis

  • Metamorphosis is the transformation from larva to adult in some animals.
  • There are significant changes in body form and function.
  • Common in insects and amphibians.

Asexual Reproduction Methods

  • Binary Fission: Cell division in which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. (Amoeba)
  • Budding: A new organism develops as an outgrowth (bud) from the parent organism. (Hydra)

Sex Determination

  • The sex of a child is determined by the combination of sex chromosomes, one from each parent (XX for female, XY for male).
  • Male gametes (sperm) carry either an X or Y chromosome.
  • Female gametes (egg) always carry an X chromosome.
  • The sperm determines the sex of the child.

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Reproduction 8th Grade PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the key concepts of reproduction in organisms, including sexual and asexual methods. This quiz will cover the processes of fertilisation and the implications for genetic diversity. Prepare to explore how these reproductive strategies ensure the continuity of life.

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