Reproduction in Organisms
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Questions and Answers

What is reproduction?

The production of new organisms from pre-existing organisms of the same species.

Which of the following describes asexual reproduction?

  • Involves two parents
  • Involves sex cells or gametes
  • Involves a single parent (correct)
  • Produces offspring with genetic diversity

Which of these is a method of asexual reproduction?

  • Cross-breeding
  • Fertilization
  • Pollination
  • Budding (correct)

Sexual reproduction involves only one parent organism.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is binary fission?

<p>The process by which a parent organism divides to form two organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organism undergoes multiple fission?

<p>Plasmodium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of organism is Hydra?

<p>A multicellular organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In regeneration, a full organism is obtained from its ______ parts.

<p>body</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is involved in the artificial propagation of plants?

<p>Grafting (A), Cutting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following methods of asexual reproduction with their descriptions:

<p>Budding = A portion of the parent organism grows out and separates. Binary Fission = Parent divides to form two new organisms. Spore Formation = Microscopic reproductive units are produced and can germinate. Regeneration = An organism regrows from body parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Asexual Reproduction

The creation of new organisms from a single parent without using sex cells.

Sexual Reproduction

The making of new organisms using sex cells from two parents.

Binary Fission

A single parent cell divides into two new cells, identical to the original.

Budding

A new organism grows from an outgrowth of the parent cell.

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Spore Formation

Producing tiny, protective units (spores) for reproduction.

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Regeneration

Regrowing lost body parts to form a complete organism.

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Vegetative Propagation

Growing new plants from plant parts like stems, roots or leaves.

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Cutting (Artificial Propagation)

Reproducing plants by using a part of a stem, root or leaf.

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Layering (Artificial Propagation)

Producing new plants from plant branches that are bent toward the ground and rooted.

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Fission (Multiple)

A single parent cell divides into many new cells at once.

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Study Notes

Reproduction in Organisms

  • Reproduction is the process of producing new organisms from existing ones.
  • Reproduction is essential for the survival of a species.
  • This process ensures the continuity of life on Earth.

Asexual Reproduction

  • Asexual reproduction is the production of new organisms from a single parent without the involvement of sex cells (gametes).
  • Methods of asexual reproduction include fission, budding, spore formation, vegetative propagation, and fragmentation.

Sexual Reproduction

  • Sexual reproduction is the production of new organisms by two parents making use of their gametes.

Differences Between Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

Feature Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction
Number of parents One parent Two parents
Sex cells No sex cells involved Sex cells (gametes) involved
Variation Little or no variation among offspring Significant variation among offspring
Speed Faster Slower
Energy requirement Less energy required More energy required

Asexual Reproduction Methods

  • Fission: A single organism divides into two identical organisms, e.g. bacteria, Amoeba.
  • Budding: A new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud from the parent body, eventually separating to become independent, e.g. hydra, yeast.
  • Spore Formation: Specialized reproductive cells (spores) develop under favorable conditions from the parent body, then germinate to form new organisms, e.g., fungi, bread molds.
  • Vegetative Propagation: A new plant grows from a vegetative part of the parent plant, e.g., runners, tubers, rhizomes, bulbs, suckers, etc., in various plants.
  • Fragmentation: A multicellular organism breaks into fragments (pieces), and each fragment develops into a complete organism, e.g., Planaria, some algae/fungi.

Regeneration

  • Regeneration is when an organism can regrow lost body parts.
  • Regeneration is a specific type of asexual reproduction in certain organisms like Planaria.
  • Complex multicellular organisms generally cannot regenerate entire bodies.

Reproduction in Plants

  • Many plants exhibit vegetative propagation; from roots, stems, or leaves.
  • Examples include runners (strawberries), tubers (potatoes), bulbs (onions), rhizomes (ginger), suckers (mint), etc.
  • Plants can be propagated artificially by methods like cutting, layering, grafting, tissue culture, and parthenogenesis.

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Related Documents

Asexual Reproduction PDF

Description

This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of reproduction in organisms, including both asexual and sexual reproduction. It explains the processes, advantages, and differences between these two reproductive methods. Test your understanding of how life continues through reproduction.

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