Repeating Signal Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

What should be done with broken or defective burners?

They must be reported for replacement. (correct)

They can be repaired on site.

They should be cleaned and reused.

They can remain in use until the next inspection.

How often must the wicks be trimmed?

Only when they appear dirty.

Every month.

Every day. (correct)

Once a week.

What is the effect of a flame that is too low when lighting a lamp?

It will produce a steady, bright light.

It will not allow the lamp to extinguish properly.

It results in a defective light with poor focus. (correct)

It may cause the wick to catch fire.

Who is responsible for ensuring that cleaning and lighting instructions are followed?

The Station Masters. Signup and view all the answers

How frequently should all signal lamps be overhauled?

Once a year. Signup and view all the answers

What provision should be made for points in the main line at a location that is not a block station?

Protection by signals or otherwise must be provided. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended indication for loco pilots regarding the position of facing points at outlying sidings?

An 'S' marker indicator is suggested. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a fixed signal in case of a failure of its connections?

It returns to its most restrictive aspect. Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition can a signal that has been taken 'off' be placed back to 'on'?

In case of emergency to avert an accident. Signup and view all the answers

What must occur before a signal can be reset to 'on' when managing train movements from a station?

The Loco Pilot must be informed correctly. Signup and view all the answers

What guideline does the Station Working Rules dictate regarding the working of points and signals?

Detailed instructions must be included. Signup and view all the answers

What precaution must be taken when changing signals for departing trains?

The signal should be reset before the train starts. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'most restrictive aspect' refer to regarding fixed signals?

The signal position that indicates stopping. Signup and view all the answers

What is generally required when signals are taken 'off' for the passage of a train?

The entire train must have passed before resetting. Signup and view all the answers

What action is required if relevant signals are returned to the 'on' position?

Active communication with the Loco Pilot is necessary. Signup and view all the answers

What must be ensured before taking off a Home signal when a train approaches at a non-terminal station?

The line must be clear for an adequate distance. Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum adequate distance required to take off a signal at a station with two-aspect signals?

180 metres Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition can a signal be taken off when a train has stopped outside the Home signal?

The line must be clear up to the Starter. Signup and view all the answers

What can act as a substitute for the adequate distance when receiving a train?

A sand hump of approved design. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Station Master when a stopping train is to be received on a line without track circuits?

Ensure the line is clear beyond the berthing place. Signup and view all the answers

Which conditions exempt approach lighted signals from Sub-rule (1)?

They are located in areas where no trains run at night. Signup and view all the answers

What must the Station Master ensure regarding fixed signals and indicators?

The lamps are burning brightly and lenses are clean. Signup and view all the answers

In case of special instructions approved by CRS, what could differ from the standard adequate distance rule?

Substitutes for adequate distance can be utilized. Signup and view all the answers

What is the required distance for the adequate space beyond the trailing points on a single line?

120 metres Signup and view all the answers

What action must be taken if signal lights cannot be kept burning before granting Line Clear?

Follow the procedures prescribed in Rules 3.68 to 3.72. Signup and view all the answers

What must be specified in the Station Working Rules regarding the adequate distance for taking off signals?

It must relate to approval from CRS. Signup and view all the answers

What should a railway servant do if they find a defect in a roundel before lighting it?

Do not light the lamp and report the defect immediately. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a condition for taking off a Home signal?

Signal must have been inspected by a supervisor. Signup and view all the answers

Who is ultimately responsible for the inspection of signal lamps and indicators?

The railway servant responsible for lighting them. Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the adequate distance rule is not followed at stations with modified lower quadrant signals?

It could result in safety violations. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if color light signals go blank due to power failure?

The Station Master must follow procedures in G.R. 3.68 and 3.69. Signup and view all the answers

What action is not required from the Station Master regarding fixed signals?

Inspect every signal personally before Line Clear. Signup and view all the answers

Who should report defects found by the railway servant regarding signal lamps?

The railway servant who detects the defects. Signup and view all the answers

Why should the greatest care be taken in the maintenance of signal lamps?

To maintain operational safety and visibility. Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a railway servant not reporting a defective signal lamp?

There may be increased risk of accidents. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of repeating signals is NOT a valid option?

Squircle type Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when a loco pilot notices a defective repeating signal?

Advise the Station Master in writing Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication of a banner type repeating signal when it is in the 'on' position?

Signal which it repeats is at 'on' Signup and view all the answers

Why are repeating signals necessary in two-aspect signaling territory?

To confirm the status of Stop signals that cannot be seen Signup and view all the answers

Which signal type should NOT be lit at night?

Banner type repeating signal Signup and view all the answers

How does the starter indicator behave when the starter is at 'on'?

Exhibits no light Signup and view all the answers

In what way can a repeating signal be passed?

With caution, preparing to stop at the Stop signal ahead Signup and view all the answers

What type of light does the starter indicator exhibit when the starter is at 'off'?

Yellow light Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of the Operating staff regarding signal lamps?

Cleaning, lighting, and maintaining signals and point indicator lamps Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following must be done with new wicks before they are used?

Saturated in oil to ensure proper function Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with signal lamps that are found defective during inspections?

They should be reported and replaced promptly Signup and view all the answers

What must be done to maintain the efficiency of the lenses of the signal lamp?

They must be cleaned daily to ensure clarity Signup and view all the answers

Which individual is responsible for ensuring wicks are kept clean and trimmed?

Station Masters who inspect their staff’s work Signup and view all the answers

Which fixed signals are essential at class ‘B’ stations on a single line?

Distant, Home, Warner, Starter Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum signaling equipment required at class ‘C’ stations?

Warner and Home Signup and view all the answers

Which signals must be installed at class ‘A’ stations for two-aspect signaling?

Warner, Home, and Starter Signup and view all the answers

What additional signals may be necessary at each station?

Any other fixed signals for safe train operations Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of signals class ‘B’ stations must have on a double line?

Outer, Home, Starter, and Warner Signup and view all the answers

At class ‘D’ stations, how may a train be stopped?

By any means authorized by special instructions Signup and view all the answers

What additional condition is required for class ‘B’ stations regarding speed?

A Warner must be provided if trains run at speeds exceeding 50 kilometres an hour Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Caution' aspect of a colour light Distant signal indicate?

Proceed and be prepared to stop at the next signal Signup and view all the answers

What type of signaling is not provided on this railway according to the rules?

Modified lower quadrant signaling Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a Distant signal in relation to a Stop signal?

It pre-warns the train of the Stop signal ahead Signup and view all the answers

What specific signals are required at class ‘C’ stations?

Warner and Home Signup and view all the answers

What restriction applies when a colour light Distant signal is combined with a Stop signal protecting a level crossing?

The signal must display 'Stop' until the level crossing is secure Signup and view all the answers

What happens if there are multiple Distant signals provided in single distant signal territory?

The outermost signal is the Distant signal Signup and view all the answers

How is the aspect of a Distant signal affected if it is positioned in relation to the Stop signal?

It must be located at an adequate distance from the Stop signal Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition can a Distant signal display an aspect less restrictive than 'Stop' when combined with the last Stop signal?

When special instructions allow it Signup and view all the answers

What indication does a Distant signal provide regarding the next Stop signal?

It informs the train to stop at the next signal Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Off' position of a Distant signal indicate in Multiple-Aspect Signalling Territory?

Proceed at restricted speed past the next Stop signal Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following signals indicates that a loco pilot should proceed with caution for shunting purposes?

White disc signal with red bar Signup and view all the answers

What does a Shunt signal do when it is at the 'On' position?

Indicates stop dead Signup and view all the answers

How does the placement of multiple Shunt signals on a single post affect their application?

Topmost signal refers to the extreme left hand line Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence if Shunt signals are not provided for shunting?

Hand signals may be used Signup and view all the answers

What indication is given by a disc type Shunt signal in Multiple-Aspect Signalling Territory when in the 'Off' position?

Proceed with caution for shunting Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Shunt signal can be indicated by a miniature semaphore arm under special instructions?

Semaphores are not allowed Signup and view all the answers

What does a Shunt signal placed directly under a Stop signal indicate?

Show no light in the 'On' position Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the aspect indications of a semaphore arm type Shunt signal?

Off position allows full-speed movement Signup and view all the answers

What type of shunting control does a Shunt signal primarily regulate?

Shunting movements only Signup and view all the answers

In a two-aspect signaling territory, what does the position light type Shunt signal indicate in the 'On' position?

Stop dead Signup and view all the answers

Which type of signal is exempt from the requirements of Sub-rule (1)?

Approach lighted signals Signup and view all the answers

What must a Station Master do before granting Line Clear at night?

Ensure lamps of fixed signals that apply to the train are burning Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if a roundel is found to be cracked or missing?

Report the defect and do not light the lamp Signup and view all the answers

In the event of a power failure causing color light signals to go blank, what must the Station Master do?

Initiate action as per G.R. 3.68 and 3.69 Signup and view all the answers

What is required during the inspection of signal lamps by railway servants?

Ensure lenses and spectacle glasses are clean and visible Signup and view all the answers

What should a railway servant do if signal lights are found to be dim before granting Line Clear?

Immediately report the issue and withhold Line Clear Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is NOT required from the railway servant in charge of signals?

Providing operational status reports to the Train Master Signup and view all the answers

What condition must be fulfilled before lighting a semaphore signal?

Verification that signal glass is unbroken and clean Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a signal lamp does not burn brightly?

Action should be taken according to rules 3.68 to 3.72 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following signals must remain lit at all times regardless of day or night?

Approach lighted signals and color light signals Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Repeating Signal Types

Repeating signals are marked with an ‘R’ and can be a banner type, semaphore arm, or colour light signal.
Banner type repeating signals in Two-Aspect Signalling show:
- On Position: Indicates signal is "on".
- Off Position: Indicates signal is "off".
Semaphore arm type repeating signals provide similar indications as the banner type.

Colour Light Signal Indications

Colour light type repeating signals also show:
- On Position: Indicates signal is "on".
- Off Position: Indicates signal is "off".

Signal Visibility and Protocols

A repeating signal must be provided at a suitable distance from an obstructed Stop signal.
Repeating signals are not considered Stop signals; they can be bypassed with caution.
Banner type repeating signals are not illuminated at night.

Reporting and Maintenance

If a locomotive pilot observes a defective repeating signal, they must report it in writing to the Station Master of the next scheduled stop.

Starter Indicators

Starter indicators repeat the aspect of the starter signal to assist the guard in determining the status.
Indicators show no light when the starter signal is "on" and yellow light when "off".

Fixed Signal Requirements

Fixed signals must default to the most restrictive indication in case of failure.
There are specific conditions for taking signals "off" based on train approaches.

Signal Equipment for Different Classes

Minimum signal equipment varies by station class:
- Class B: Distant, Home, Warner below Main Home, Starter.
- Class C: Distant and Home signals.
- Additional signals are mandated based on operational needs.

Shunt Signals

Shunt signals control shunting movements and can be a white disc with a red bar, or position light signals.
More than one shunt signal may coexist on a post, with specific authority levels linked to their indications.

General Maintenance Protocols

Station Masters ensure signals are operational, lamps are clean, and lights are visible during night operations.
Signal lamps must be inspected regularly for cleanliness, focusing, and defects.

Training and Responsibility

Operating staff are tasked with the upkeep of signal cleanliness and operations.
Station Masters are responsible for instructing staff on protocols and conducting inspections.

Emergency Protocols

In emergencies, signals can be repositioned under controlled communication to avert accidents.
Shunt signals must provide clear instructions for safe shunting operations, ensuring appropriate precautions are met for all signal positions.

Inspection and Oversight

Signal Inspectors conduct regular inspections to ensure proper functioning and cleanliness of all signal lights and parts.
Yearly overhauls and prompt reporting of defects are essential for operational safety.### Burners Maintenance
Burners gummed with oil, soot, or incrustations require periodic chemical cleaning by S & T staff.
Broken or defective burners must be promptly reported to the Signal Inspector for replacement.

Wicks Maintenance

Wicks should be trimmed daily, removing the charred portions to keep them clean and even.
Wicks that are too short or clogged must be replaced by S & T staff with clean, dry wicks saturated in oil before use.

Lighting of Lamps

Utilize assigned matches for lighting founts and avoid using oil waste.
The wick must be adjusted for a steady burn without smoking; too high a flame causes smoke while too low causes focus issues with the lens.
Ensure lamps and wicks are protected from water, especially during the monsoon; keep lamp doors closed except during cleaning or lighting.
Report defective lamps to the Signal Inspector, and clean both inner and outer surfaces of lenses daily.

General Responsibilities

Operating staff are tasked with cleaning and lighting signals and point indicator lamps.
Station Masters must explain these maintenance instructions to staff and conduct regular inspections.
Traffic Inspectors are responsible for periodic inspections of lamp rooms to ensure adherence to maintenance protocols.
Each Signal Inspector must examine signals and lamps monthly, replacing defective items promptly.
Report excessive lamp damage or neglect in cleaning to DSTE and DSO.
All signal lamps must be overhauled annually, with overhaul dates marked on each lamp.

Color Light Distant Signal Operations

Distinct aspects and indications for colour light Distant signals:
- "Caution" requires preparation to stop at the next signal.
- "Attention" indicates a need to proceed with caution.
- "Proceed" confirms the block section ahead is clear.
Distant signals must be located adequately in rear of Stop signals they pre-warn; more than one Distant signal can be used if necessary.
The outermost Distant signal must not display a less restrictive aspect than 'Stop' until clearance is obtained from the station or level crossing gates are secured.

Special Instructions for Distant Signals

Under special instructions, a color light Distant signal may be combined with the last Stop signal.
Such arrangements should ensure the Distant signal does not display a less restrictive aspect than 'Stop' until Line Clear is confirmed or level crossing gates are closed and locked.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential concepts of repeating signals, focusing on their types and aspects. Understand the distinctions between banner type, semaphore arm, and color light signals. Test your knowledge of how these signals function in signalling territories.