Répartition des Richesses

Répartition des Richesses

• Perry, the boss, practices pay day the old-fashioned way, where each employee receives their salary and a check in person.
• The primary distribution of income involves the salaries and social contributions of employees.
• The primary income includes the revenue directly linked to the participation of households in the production process.
• The majority of primary income for households is composed of employee compensation, which includes salaries and social contributions.

Le Bailleur

• Mehdi, the landlord, receives a fixed income from the journal, which is not correlated to his work.
• He provides a service to the journal, providing a location to operate, and receives a primary income in the form of rent.
• The rent is a fixed amount, which is not dependent on the journal's revenue.

Valeur Ajoutée

• The value-added is the difference between the revenue and the intermediate consumption of an enterprise.
• It represents the creation of wealth by the enterprise.
• The value-added is an indicator of the financial performance of an enterprise.

Répartition de la Valeur Ajoutée

• In the journal industry, the majority of the value-added (82%) goes towards employee compensation, including salaries and social contributions.
• In other industries, such as restaurants and e-commerce, the proportion of value-added going towards employee compensation varies.
• In France, approximately two-thirds of the value-added goes towards employee compensation, which is one of the highest rates in the European Union.

Évolution de la Part du Travail

• The part of the value-added going towards employee compensation has remained relatively stable over the past 70 years, except for a brief period in the 1970s and 1980s.
• During this period, the part of the value-added going towards employee compensation increased due to rapid productivity growth and high inflation.
• However, this trend was reversed in the 1980s due to a decrease in productivity growth and an increase in interest rates.

Rémunération des Salariés

• The remuneration of employees is a primary income composed of salary and social contributions.
• Employees accept to "rent" their labor to the enterprise in exchange for a salary.
• Social contributions are deducted from the employee's salary, leaving them with a net salary.
• Employers also pay social contributions, known as "charges patronales".

Income Distribution

• Primary distribution of income involves salaries and social contributions of employees, which are directly linked to their participation in the production process.
• Majority of primary income for households comes from employee compensation, including salaries and social contributions.

The Landlord

• Landlords receive a fixed primary income in the form of rent, which is not correlated to their work.
• Rent is a fixed amount, not dependent on the revenue of the business.

Value Added

• Value-added is the difference between revenue and intermediate consumption of an enterprise, representing wealth creation.
• Value-added is an indicator of an enterprise's financial performance.

Distribution of Value Added

• In the journal industry, 82% of value-added goes towards employee compensation, including salaries and social contributions.
• Proportion of value-added going towards employee compensation varies across industries, such as restaurants and e-commerce.
• In France, approximately two-thirds of value-added goes towards employee compensation, one of the highest rates in the European Union.

Evolution of Labor's Share

• Labor's share of value-added has remained relatively stable over the past 70 years, except for a brief period in the 1970s and 1980s.
• During this period, labor's share increased due to rapid productivity growth and high inflation, but reversed in the 1980s due to decreased productivity growth and increased interest rates.

Employee Remuneration

• Employee remuneration is a primary income composed of salary and social contributions.
• Employees "rent" their labor to the enterprise in exchange for a salary, with social contributions deducted to leave a net salary.
• Employers also pay social contributions, known as "charges patronales".

Wealth Distribution

• Wealth distribution is the process by which companies distribute the revenues they have generated.
• It includes primary incomes, directly linked to households' participation in the production process.
• Primary incomes consist of wages, social contributions, and property income from lending or allocating financial assets or land.

Landlord's Income

• The landlord receives a fixed rent, uncorrelated to their work, which is a primary income.
• The rent represents a market-based housing service.

Effort Rate

• The effort rate is the percentage of revenue that represents rent and charges.
• The effort rate depends on the type of business and should not exceed 9% of revenue in commerce and 5% in restaurants.

Value Added

• Value added is a financial indicator expressing the creation of gross wealth by an enterprise.
• It is the difference between revenue and intermediate consumption.

Distribution of Value Added

• The distribution of value added varies across companies.
• In the publishing industry, personnel costs, including social contributions, account for 82% of value added.
• Salaries and employer contributions account for two-thirds of value added in developed countries.

Labor and Capital Share

• The labor share often decreases in favor of the capital share.
• However, in the medium-long term, the share of value added is relatively stable.
• The two main factors explaining the decline or increase of the labor share in value added are energy prices and capital costs.

Employee Compensation

• Employee compensation is a primary income composed of wages and social contributions.
• The employee agrees to lend their labor to the company in exchange for a gross remuneration.
• Social contributions are deducted from the gross wage to obtain the net wage.
• Employers also pay social contributions, known as employer contributions.