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Questions and Answers
What is the category class of repaglinide?
Meglitinides
What is the expected pharmacological action of repaglinide?
What is the therapeutic use of repaglinide?
Type 2 DM
What complications may occur when taking repaglinide?
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How should repaglinide be administered?
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What are some signs of hypoglycemia to monitor for when administering repaglinide?
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What should clients do if they skip a meal while taking repaglinide?
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Clients should not exceed four doses of repaglinide per day.
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What are contraindications for using repaglinide?
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Which conditions require precautions when using repaglinide?
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What substances decrease the hypoglycemic effects of repaglinide?
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What indicates medication effectiveness for repaglinide?
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Study Notes
Repaglinide (Prandin) Overview
- Category Class: Meglitinides, which stimulate insulin release from pancreatic islet cells.
- Requires a functioning pancreas to be effective; hypoglycemia is rare.
Expected Pharmacological Action
- Acts similarly to sulfonylureas by promoting insulin secretion.
- Insulin release correlates with blood glucose levels.
- Ineffective for patients who do not respond to sulfonylureas.
Therapeutic Use
- Primarily prescribed for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM).
Complications
- Mild hypoglycemia, particularly in patients with liver impairments.
- Common adverse reactions include nausea and diarrhea.
Medication Administration
- Administer orally 30 minutes before meals, three times a day.
- Advise clients to skip doses if meals are skipped and to add doses for additional meals.
- Do not exceed four doses per day.
Interventions
- Monitor for hypoglycemia symptoms: diaphoresis, tachycardia, fatigue, excessive hunger, tremors.
- For conscious patients with hypoglycemia, provide 2-3 teaspoons of sugar, a glass of orange juice, honey, or corn syrup in water.
- Oral glucose tablets can also be used.
- For unconscious patients, administer IV glucose (D50W) or 1 mg glucagon subcutaneously/IM.
- Monitor blood glucose every 15-20 minutes until normal levels are restored or symptoms resolve.
- Observe for persistent nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea and report to healthcare provider (HCP).
- Periodic CBC monitoring is recommended; report any decrease in counts to HCP.
Client Education
- Instruct intake 30 minutes before meals, up to three times daily.
- Emphasize to skip doses if meals are missed and to adjust doses for added meals.
- Caution against exceeding four doses per day.
Contraindications
- Not suitable for diabetic ketoacidosis, which results from very high blood glucose levels.
Precautions
- Use with caution in older adults and those with renal or hepatic dysfunction or systemic infections.
- Avoid use in patients with liver, kidney, or endocrine disorders.
Interactions
- Increased hypoglycemic effects with gemfibrozil (Lopid), erythromycin, and chloramphenicol.
- Decreased hypoglycemic effects with alcohol, corticosteroids, and rifampin (Rifadin).
Medication Effectiveness
- Indicated by the absence of signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia.
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Description
Test your knowledge on repaglinide, a medication used to manage diabetes. This quiz covers its pharmacological actions and category class. Perfect for students in pharmacology or nursing courses.
