Renal System Pathology Quiz

Disease of the kidney are divided into four categories depending on which component of the kidney is primarily affected. Which of the following is NOT one of those categories?

Glomerular disease is often immunologically mediated.

Tubular and interstitial disorders are more likely to be caused by infectious agents than glomerular disease.

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by which of the following?

Which of the following is NOT a symptom associated with Nephritic syndrome?

Berger's disease, also known as IgA nephropathy, is the most common cause of primary glomerulonephritis.

The early manifestations of each group of kidney diseases tend to be ______.

What is the name for the group of diseases that involve the formation of cysts in the kidneys?

Cystic kidney diseases are a heterogeneous group and can be hereditary, developmental, or acquired.

Why are cystic kidney diseases considered important?

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is characterized by:

The mode of inheritance for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is autosomal recessive.

What genes are associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease?

Mutations in PKD1 are responsible for more severe cases of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

What type of cells does Polycystin-1 localize to?

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease is more common than autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease is subcategorized based on:

The gene associated with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease is called PKHD1.

Which of the following is NOT a common extrarenal manifestation of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease?

Glomerular diseases are among the most common causes of Chronic kidney failure in humans.

The pathogenesis of glomerular diseases is primarily due to immune mechanisms.

What are the two main histologic characteristics of glomerular diseases?

Which of the following is a secondary (systemic) disease associated with glomerular diseases?

Minimal Change Disease (lipoid nephrosis) is a rare glomerular disease.

Minimal Change Disease is primarily associated with adults, specifically those between 30-50 years old.

Minimal Change Disease is characterized by diffuse thickening of the glomerular basement membrane.

Minimal Change Disease often leads to a rapid decline in renal function.

Treatment with corticosteroids is often effective in managing Minimal Change Disease.

Membranous glomerulonephropathy is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults.

Membranous glomerulonephropathy is usually caused by an immune response to a specific infectious agent.

The formation of the membrane attack complex is linked to the action of C5b-C9.

Membranous glomerulonephropathy is more commonly associated with secondary forms than primary forms.

Which of the following is NOT a common secondary form of membranous glomerulonephropathy?

Membranous glomerulonephropathy is characterized by a diffuse thickening of the glomerular capillary wall.

Electron microscopy reveals granular deposits in the subepithelial side of the basement membrane in membranous glomerulonephropathy.

Membranous glomerulonephropathy is associated with poor prognosis and a high risk of rapidly progressing to kidney failure.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is characterized by scarring of the glomeruli.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is typically considered a primary glomerular disease.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis often presents with a high incidence of hematuria and hypertension.

Patients with Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis often respond well to corticosteroid therapy.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is characterized by a diffuse thickening of the glomerular basement membrane.

Which of the following is NOT a common setting in which Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis can occur?

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis often progresses to global glomerular sclerosis and kidney failure.

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is characterized by a rapid onset, typically occurring within 1-4 weeks after a streptococcal infection.

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis primarily affects adults.

Only Type A streptococci are nephrogenic.

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis typically presents with a classic symptom triad of: fever, malaise, and oliguria.

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis often exhibits hyperlipidemia.

The pathogenesis of Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is primarily due to immune complex formation against streptococcal antigens.

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is characterized by a uniform increase in cellularity within the glomeruli.

Electron microscopy often reveals subepithelial humps in Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, indicating immune complex deposits above the basement membrane.

The prognosis for Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is excellent, with most cases leading to complete recovery.

IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) is a rare form of glomerulonephritis.

IgA nephropathy is primarily associated with the deposition of IgA within the mesangium.

IgA nephropathy often presents with recurrent hematuria.

IgA nephropathy is often associated with a recent upper respiratory tract infection.

The pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy is linked to a deficiency in IgA.

IgA nephropathy is characterized by a variable degree of mesangial proliferation.

Electron microscopy can help identify the presence of electron-dense deposits within the mesangium in IgA nephropathy.