Physiology 1404 lect 2
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of cardiac output is blood flow through the kidneys in an average 70 kg male?

  • 25% (correct)
  • 30%
  • 20%
  • 15%

    • What is the approximate weight of the kidneys in a 70 kg male, compared to total body weight?

  • 0.5%
  • 0.1%
  • 0.2%
  • 0.4% (correct)

    • What is the primary factor that contributes to the high blood flow through the kidneys?

  • High metabolic rate of the kidneys
  • Large surface area of the kidneys
  • High concentration of blood vessels in the kidneys
  • Importance of the kidneys in filtering waste (correct)

    • What is the term for the regulation of renal blood flow, maintaining a constant flow despite changes in blood pressure?

    <p>Autoregulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the equation used to calculate renal plasma flow and renal blood flow?

    <p>Not specified in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the author of the physiology textbook that provided the figure illustrating renal blood flow?

    <p>L.S. Costanzo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the 'myogenic mechanism' in renal autoregulation?

    <p>To respond to changes in arterial pressure via smooth muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the structure responsible for sensing [NaCl] levels in tubular fluid in the 'tubuloglomerular feedback' mechanism?

    <p>Macula densa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Over what range of arterial blood pressure (ABP) is autoregulation of renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) maintained?

    <p>90-180 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the phenomenon of maintaining relatively constant renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) despite changes in arterial pressure?

    <p>Autoregulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the afferent arteriole in autoregulation of renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

    <p>To regulate the tone of the afferent arteriole in response to changes in arterial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation that describes the relationship between renal blood flow (RBF) and the arteriolar resistance?

    <p>RBF = ΔP / R</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle used to measure true renal plasma flow (RPF)?

    <p>The Fick principle applied to the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate renal plasma flow (RPF) using PAH?

    <p>RPF = [U] PAH x V / ([RA] PAH - [RV] PAH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is PAH ideal for measuring renal plasma flow (RPF)?

    <p>Because PAH is neither used nor produced by the kidney and has a high clearance rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of [RV] PAH being nearly zero?

    <p>It indicates that the kidneys remove most of PAH from renal arterial blood by filtration and secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for urinary flow rate (V)?

    <p>ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the amount of PAH entering the kidney and the amount of PAH leaving the kidney?

    <p>The amount of PAH entering the kidney is equal to the amount of PAH leaving the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary functions of the renal blood flow in terms of urine production?

    <p>To concentrate and dilute urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for blood flow through any organ?

    <p>Q = ΔP / R</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the pressure difference in the formula for renal blood flow?

    <p>millimeters of mercury (mmHg)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the opposition to blood flow through a vessel?

    <p>Resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the blood vessels that play a crucial role in regulating renal blood flow?

    <p>Afferent and efferent arterioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate value of the pressure difference between the renal artery and renal vein?

    <p>3 - 4 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate Renal Blood Flow (RBF) from Renal Plasma Flow (RPF) and haematocrit?

    <p>RBF = RPF × (1 - Hct)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for Renal Blood Flow (RBF) and Renal Plasma Flow (RPF)?

    <p>ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of haematocrit (Hct) in the given example?

    <p>0.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clearance of PAH in the given example?

    <p>600 ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of Renal Blood Flow (RBF) in the given example?

    <p>1091 ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concentration of PAH in urine in the given example?

    <p>600 mg/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

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