Renal Lesions and Cysts Ultrasound Imaging

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic feature of a benign renal cyst on ultrasound?

Smooth and rounded walls (correct)

Calcifications on the wall

Irregular contour

Internal echoes

What is a common complication of renal cysts?

Hemorrhage

Infection

Calcification

All of the above (correct)

What percentage of renal cysts are due to benign cystic disease?

70% (correct)

50%

100%

90%

What is a characteristic feature of a hydatid cyst on ultrasound?

Internal debris Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a renal cyst has an irregular outline?

Further investigation required Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical shape of a benign renal cyst?

Spherical Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of multiple cysts in one kidney?

Indicates alveolar echinococcosis Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a patient is under 50 years old and has multiple cysts in one kidney?

Scan the other kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a renal cyst on ultrasound?

A spherical or ovoid anechoic lesion with thin, smooth, or imperceptible walls Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of differentiating cysts from solid renal lesions?

To determine the need for further workup Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of posterior acoustic enhancement in ultrasound imaging?

It indicates the presence of a cyst Signup and view all the answers

What is the differential diagnosis of a multicystic kidney?

Congenital polycystic kidney disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a simple cyst on ultrasound?

A spherical or ovoid anechoic lesion with thin, smooth, or imperceptible walls Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a lesion being anechoic on ultrasound?

It indicates the presence of a cyst Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ultrasound imaging in renal lesion characterization?

To differentiate cysts from solid renal lesions Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a complex cyst on ultrasound?

A spherical or ovoid anechoic lesion with thick, irregular walls Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a renal cyst on ultrasound imaging?

No internal echoes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following renal lesions can be accurately recognized on ultrasound in the early stages?

Renal angiomyolipoma Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a tumour on ultrasound imaging?

Variable back wall echoes or no change Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of ultrasound imaging in renal lesion diagnosis?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a hydatid cyst on ultrasound imaging?

Septate appearance Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the ultrasound appearance of a renal angiomyolipoma as it grows?

Back wall attenuation increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of a renal cyst on ultrasound imaging?

Spherical Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a collapsed calcified hydatid cyst on ultrasound imaging?

Calcifications in the upper pole of the kidney Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Renal Cysts and Masses

Most solid lesions are malignant, while simple cysts and most complex cysts are benign.
Simple cysts are the most common type of focal renal lesion, and confident characterization of a lesion as a simple cyst can stop further workup.

Ultrasound Characteristics of Renal Cysts

Renal cysts present as spherical or ovoid anechoic lesions with thin, smooth, or imperceptible walls and posterior acoustic enhancement.
Posterior acoustic enhancement is a feature of cysts, resulting from the unattenuated sound beam, which increases brightness just posterior to the cyst.

Differential Diagnosis of Cystic Lesions in the Kidney

Multicystic kidney: multiple, echo-free, well-circumscribed areas throughout the kidney, usually unilateral.
Congenital polycystic kidney disease: bilateral, although the cysts may not be symmetrical.

Types of Renal Cysts

Simple cysts: single or multiple, unilocular, smooth and rounded walls, clearly defined back wall, no internal echoes.
Hydatid cysts: usually contain debris, often loculated or septate, calcified walls appear as a bright, echogenic convex line with acoustic shadowing.

Ultrasound Characteristics of Renal Masses

Ultrasound cannot reliably differentiate between benign renal tumors (other than renal cysts) and malignant renal tumors.
Renal angiomyolipoma: well-circumscribed, hyperechogenic and homogeneous mass, may undergo central necrosis with strong back wall echoes.

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Description

This quiz covers the characteristic differences between malignant and benign renal lesions, with a focus on ultrasound imaging and confident characterization of simple and complex cysts.