Renaissance Science and Technologies

The Advance of Science and Technology During Renaissance

• The Renaissance marked a period of creativity and change in Europe, meaning rebirth, and was centered in Italy.
• Michelangelo contributed to the Sistine Chapel's artwork.
• Johann Gutenberg invented the printing press and began printing the Bible.

Renaissance Technologies

• Mining and metallurgy advanced during the Renaissance.
• Firearms and the nautical compass were developed.
• Veranzio designed a parachute known as the Flying Man.
• The Mariner's astrolabe aided in navigation.
• Newspapers emerged as a means of communication.
• The airgun and alchemy was explored to create gold.
• Nicolaus Copernicus proposed the heliocentric theory.
• Andreas Vesalius described the anatomy of the brain and other organs.

The Leap of Science and Technology

• The Scientific Revolution marked the start to modern science.
• Nicolaus Copernicus contributed to the scientific revolution with the heliocentric theory.
• William Gilbert laid foundations for understanding magnetism and electricity.
• Tycho Brahe made accurate astronomical and planetary observations (Star of 1572).
• Johannes Kepler developed the three laws of planetary motion.
• Sir Francis Bacon developed the scientific method of investigation.
• Galileo Galilei invented the telescope.
• Rene Descartes established the scientific method.
• Antoine van Leeuwenhoek invented the single lens microscope.
• Isaac Newton developed the three laws of motion.
• Alexander Koyre introduced the term "scientific revolution".
• John Locke introduced tabula rasa (blank tablet).
• Robert Boyle studied and developed Boyle's Law.
• Hans Lippershey, Zacharias Jansen, and Jacob Metius invented refracted telescopes.
• Evangelista Torricelli invented the barometer.

The Impact of Science and Technology on Society During the Industrial Revolution

• Albert Einstein developed the theory of relativity.
• Henri Becquerel discovered radioactive isotopes.
• Charles Darwin described the theory of natural selection to explain evolution.
• Gregor Mendel introduced the theory of genetics.
• Louis Pasteur is known as the father of microbiology and pasteurization.
• A middle class of professionals (lawyers, doctors) was created.

Science, Technology and Society in the 20th Century

• The airplane was invented by the Wright brothers, Wilbur and Orville.
• Charles Babbage is referred to as the Father of the Computer as it was made to carry out calculations. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) produces detailed pictures of organs.
• The Internet was built for the U.S. Defense Departments ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency).
• A communication network was made to connect computers in the agency called ARPANET, now known as the internet - the information superhighway.
• Alexander Graham Bell created the telephone and thus optical fiber is used in telecommunication companies to transmit telephone signals, internal communication, and cable television signals.
• Gene therapy, 3D metal printing, artificial embryos, and cancer monotherapy were developed.
• The air conditioning system was invented by Willis Carrier.