Renaissance Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What was the Renaissance a rebirth of?

Art and learning

What was the first full-sized book Gutenberg printed?

the Bible

In what way did Leonardo da Vinci represent the Renaissance man?

He was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist

Luther protested the practice of selling indulgences. What was this practice?

The clergy sold pardons that released people from performing penalties for their sins Signup and view all the answers

What was one of John Calvin's major teachings?

Predestination Signup and view all the answers

The period of European history known as the Renaissance roughly covers the time from?

1300-1600 Signup and view all the answers

The printing press was invented by?

Johann Gutenberg Signup and view all the answers

What was an important effect of the invention of the printing press?

It increased literacy and the use of vernacular Signup and view all the answers

What did Martin Luther post on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg?

95 Theses Signup and view all the answers

What was the Reformation?

A movement of religious reform Signup and view all the answers

The founder of the religious order known as the Jesuits is?

Ignatius of Loyola Signup and view all the answers

Why did Shah Jahan order the building of the Taj Mahal?

In memory of his wife, Mumtaz Mahal Signup and view all the answers

What did Suleyman the Lawgiver support?

Government reform and cultural achievements Signup and view all the answers

The followers of Osman (Othman) were called what?

Ottomans Signup and view all the answers

A Shah is another name for?

King Signup and view all the answers

Which European country was the leader in developing and applying 15th century sailing innovations?

Portugal Signup and view all the answers

Who captained the first European ship to sail just right past the tip of Africa, now known as Cape of Good Hope?

Bartolomeu Dias Signup and view all the answers

What did Vasco da Gama succeed in gaining for Portugal?

Control of the Spice Islands Signup and view all the answers

In 1600 the person who finally completed the long process of unifying Japan was?

Tokugawa Ieyasu Signup and view all the answers

Where in the Americas did Christopher Columbus land first?

An island in the Caribbean Sea Signup and view all the answers

What did the encomienda system provide for Spanish explorers?

More land Signup and view all the answers

Who landed on the modern-day coast of Florida in 1513?

Juan Ponce de Leon Signup and view all the answers

What was the buying and selling of Africans for work in the Americas called?

Atlantic slave trade Signup and view all the answers

What concept was the belief in 'divine right' used to support?

Absolute rule Signup and view all the answers

During the reign of Ivan the Terrible, which of the following groups suffered the greatest loss of power?

the Boyars Signup and view all the answers

Why did Peter the Great build the city of Saint Petersburg?

He wanted a city or seaport that would make it easier to travel to the West Signup and view all the answers

What did Frederick the Great believe a ruler should be?

A father to his people Signup and view all the answers

Which treaty ended the 'Thirty Years War'?

the Peace of Westphalia Signup and view all the answers

What was one reason Ivan IV was called Ivan the Terrible?

He organized a police force that murdered people he considered traitors Signup and view all the answers

Under Maria Theresa, Austria's greatest enemy was?

Prussia Signup and view all the answers

The first Russian ruler to adapt to the czar, meaning caesar, was?

Ivan the Terrible Signup and view all the answers

In Russia boyars were?

Landowning nobles Signup and view all the answers

Peter the Great's main reason for visiting the West was to?

Learn about western customs and technology Signup and view all the answers

The heliocentric, or sun-centered, theory was proposed by?

Nicolaus Copernicus Signup and view all the answers

Isaac Newton explained the?

Law of universal gravitation Signup and view all the answers

What year on September 17th did the delegates sign the new constitution?

1787 Signup and view all the answers

The Declaration of Independence was written by?

Thomas Jefferson Signup and view all the answers

Which country helped the U.S. during the Revolutionary War?

France Signup and view all the answers

The geocentric theory said that what object was the center of the universe?

Earth Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Renaissance and Reformation

The Renaissance marked a rebirth of art and learning, leading to significant cultural advancements.
Johann Gutenberg invented the printing press, which revolutionized the dissemination of knowledge.
The first full-sized book printed by Gutenberg was the Bible, making religious texts more accessible.
Leonardo da Vinci epitomized the Renaissance man, excelling as a painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist.
Martin Luther protested against the sale of indulgences, which allowed clergy to sell pardons for sins.
John Calvin's major teaching focused on the concept of predestination, influencing Protestant thought.

Key Historical Figures

Ignatius of Loyola founded the Jesuits, a religious order focused on education and missionary work.
Shah Jahan commissioned the Taj Mahal in memory of his wife, Mumtaz Mahal, as a symbol of love.
Suleyman the Lawgiver was known for government reforms and cultural patronage during his reign.
Osman (Othman) followers were referred to as Ottomans, establishing a lasting empire.

Exploration and Colonization

Portugal was the leading nation in 15th-century sailing innovations, spearheading exploration.
Bartolomeu Dias first navigated the Cape of Good Hope, a crucial milestone in maritime exploration.
Vasco da Gama's voyage resulted in Portugal securing control over the Spice Islands.
Christopher Columbus landed in the Caribbean, marking the beginning of European colonization in the Americas.
The Atlantic slave trade involved the forced movement and enslavement of Africans to work in the Americas.

Monarchs and Czarist Russia

Ivan the Terrible executed political enemies, earning his nickname as a ruthless leader.
Peter the Great sought to modernize Russia by establishing Saint Petersburg as a western-style seaport.
Frederick the Great believed a ruler should act as a caretaker for their people.
The Peace of Westphalia concluded the Thirty Years War, significantly altering European political dynamics.
Ivan IV was the first Russian ruler to adopt the title of czar, linking it to the title of caesar.

Scientific Advancements

Nicolaus Copernicus proposed the heliocentric theory, positioning the sun at the center of the universe.
Isaac Newton formulated the law of universal gravitation, laying foundational principles for physics.

U.S. History

The constitution of the United States was signed on September 17, 1787, shaping the nation's government.
Thomas Jefferson authored the Declaration of Independence, a pivotal document in American history.
France provided critical support to the United States during the Revolutionary War, aiding in their fight for independence.
The geocentric theory posited that Earth was the center of the universe, a belief later challenged by heliocentric views.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the Renaissance period with these flashcards. Explore key concepts like the rebirth of art and learning, significant figures like Leonardo da Vinci, and important inventions such as Gutenberg's Bible. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of this pivotal era in history.