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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of Humanism during the Renaissance?
What is the primary focus of Humanism during the Renaissance?
How did the patron system contribute to the production of art in the Renaissance?
How did the patron system contribute to the production of art in the Renaissance?
What key issue primarily motivated Martin Luther's criticism of the Catholic Church?
What key issue primarily motivated Martin Luther's criticism of the Catholic Church?
Why was excommunication considered a severe consequence in the Catholic Church?
Why was excommunication considered a severe consequence in the Catholic Church?
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What was a notable outcome of the Council of Trent?
What was a notable outcome of the Council of Trent?
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Study Notes
Renaissance and Reformation Study Guide
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Words to Know:
- Renaissance: Period of European cultural, artistic, political, and economic "rebirth"
- Humanism: Focus on human potential and achievement
- Michelangelo, leonardo Da Vinci: Famous Renaissance artists.
- Secular: Non-religious
- Patron: Someone who supports the arts
- William Shakespeare: Famous Renaissance writer.
- Johann Gutenberg: Known for the printing press.
- Martin Luther: Leader of the Protestant Reformation.
- Indulgence: Payment for forgiveness of sins.
- Reformation: Religious movement challenging the Catholic Church
- Predestination: Belief that God has already chosen who will be saved.
- Inquisition: Church court to suppress heresy
- Excommunication: Banishment from the Church
- Protestants: Followers of the Protestant Reformation.
- Jesuits: Catholic religious order.
- Catholic Reformation: Internal reforms within the Catholic Church.
- Ignatius of Loyola: Founder of the Jesuits.
- Council of Trent: Important Catholic Church council.
- Heresy: Beliefs contradicting Church doctrine.
- Huguenots: French Protestants.
Multiple Choice Questions
- What were the key shifts in thinking during the Renaissance? (Possible answer: Emphasis on human potential, artistic innovation, and questioning traditional authority)
- Why were Italian city-states crucial to the Renaissance? (Possible answer: Wealth, trade, political independence, and patronage of the arts)
- What is the core focus of Humanism? (Possible answer: Human potential, achievements, and worldly experience)
- How did the patronage system contribute to Renaissance art? (Possible answer: Wealthy patrons commissioned art, fostering artistic innovation and supporting artists.)
- Why is Shakespeare still popular today? (Possible answer: His works explore universal themes and human experience, relatable to people across time.)
- How did the printing press influence the world? (Possible answer: Made information more accessible, fostered literacy, and promoted the spread of ideas.)
- What were Martin Luther's key complaints about the Church? (Possible answer: Indulgences, corruption, and Church authority)
- Why was excommunication from the Catholic Church significant? (Possible answer: Severe social and political consequences, including ostracism, and potential loss of support.)
- Why did Henry VIII establish the Anglican Church? (Possible answer: Desire for a male heir, divorce from his wife and rejection of Papal authority)
- What is the meaning of predestination in Calvinism? (Possible answer: The idea that God has predetermined who will be saved.)
- Who was Ignatius of Loyola, and why was he important? (Possible answer: Founder of the Jesuits, and important figure in the Catholic Reformation.)
- What resulted from the Council of Trent? (Possible answer: Clarification of Catholic doctrine and reforms within the Church.)
- What was heresy, and why was it dangerous? (Possible answer: Beliefs opposed to Church doctrines; severe consequences.)
- What was the Inquisition's role? (Possible answer: Court to investigate and suppress heresy.)
- How did the selling of indulgences contribute to the Protestant Reformation? (Possible answer: Public criticism of Church practices and corruption.)
- How many theses did Martin Luther write? (Answer: 95)
- What were some Protestant ideas that differed from Catholicism? (Several answers possible relating to Church structure, authority and worship.)
- How did the Bible translation weaken the Catholic Church? (Possible answer: Facilitated a broader understanding of religious texts by laypeople.)
- Which of the following was not a Renaissance figure? (Answer would depend on the options listed.)
- Why was Renaissance art so focused on human anatomy? (Possible answer: Humanism and a desire to accurately depict the human form.)
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Description
This study guide covers key concepts of the Renaissance and the Reformation, including important figures and terms such as Humanism, Martin Luther, and Catholic Reformation. It serves as a helpful resource for understanding the cultural, artistic, and religious shifts during this pivotal period in European history.
