Questions and Answers
What does shamanism refer to?
What is the main purpose of training to become a shaman?
To learn how to make contact with the supernatural and manipulate it
What is the shamanic role in rituals?
To contact the supernatural, gain control over it, and help diagnose and heal individuals
What does 'axis mundi' refer to?
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Siberian shamans do not use any instruments in their rituals.
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What unique blend is characteristic of Yakut Shamanism?
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What happened to Korean shamans in modern society?
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What distinguishes Pentecostal healers as shamans?
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What historical event contributed to the popularity of Neoshamanism?
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What is Tensegrity?
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Who is Michael Harner?
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What characterizes Core Shamanism?
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What is the primary focus of Neoshamans?
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Priests are typically linked with complex food-producing societies.
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What do Zuni emphasize in their culture?
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What is a kiva?
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How are Zuni priests inducted?
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Study Notes
Shamanism
- Involves techniques employed by religious specialists found in diverse cultures and religions.
Becoming a Shaman
- Individuals are chosen by spirits and undergo training with an experienced shaman.
- The primary purpose of training is to connect with and manipulate the supernatural.
Shamanic Role and Rituals
- Shamans use rituals to contact the supernatural and attempt to control it.
- Spirit helpers assist in combating evil spirits and diagnosing issues.
- Shamans engage in mystical flight to retrieve patients' souls.
Axis Mundi
- Represents a connection point between the sky and earth.
- Facilitates communication between lower realms and higher realms for blessings.
Siberian Shamanism
- Practiced in Central Siberia with shamans utilizing hand-held drums and spirit helpers.
- Rituals focus on healing the sick, future divination, and hunting success.
Yakut Shamanism
- Found in Northeastern Siberia, integrates Christianity with traditional shamanic practices.
- Experienced repression under the Soviet regime, but revival occurred post-Soviet Union.
- Unique beliefs, such as one shaman viewing Jesus as a woman.
Korean Shamanism
- Once a prominent societal role, now primarily practiced by women and recognized once again.
- Shamans believe fractured souls (Malum) necessitate healing through spirit responses.
Pentecostal Healers as Shamans
- Faith healers use chants and rituals, where participants may convulse or speak in tongues.
Neoshamanism
- Gained popularity following Mircea Eliade's book on shamanism and its altered states of consciousness.
- The drug culture of the 1960s influenced its rise, alongside practices from authors like Carlos Castaneda.
Tensegrity
- An innovative body movement technique developed by Carlos Castaneda to enhance awareness of energy fields.
Michael Harner
- Noted anthropologist who studied Shuar Indian shamans in the Amazon rainforest and contributed to defining shamanism.
Core Shamanism
- Encompasses universal shamanic practices devoid of any specific cultural attributes.
Neoshamans
- Modern spiritual practitioners who adapt traditional shamanic concepts primarily for individual improvement rather than community focus.
Priests
- Full-time specialists affiliated with structured religious institutions, often connected to kinship and larger political units.
- Responsibilities include performing designated rituals, typically found in more complex food-producing societies.
Zuni
- Native American culture in New Mexico that promotes love and harmony through a connection with nature.
Kiva
- A sacred circular space for discussions, work, or religious ceremonies among tribe members.
Zuni Priests
- Induction of young males (rarely females) into one of six kiva groups tied to cardinal directions, representing both earthly and celestial realms.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Chapter 6 about Religious Specialists, focusing on concepts like shamanism and the process of becoming a shaman. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of these key terms and their significance in various cultures and religions.
