Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a key advantage of using the Selective Repeat protocol over GoBackN in reliable data transfer?
What is a key advantage of using the Selective Repeat protocol over GoBackN in reliable data transfer?
- GoBackN provides better efficiency in high-latency networks.
- Selective Repeat allows for faster retransmission of lost packets. (correct)
- GoBackN acknowledges multiple packets in a single acknowledgment.
- Selective Repeat requires less memory usage for the sender.
Which header field in a TCP segment is primarily used to indicate the sequence of bytes being sent?
Which header field in a TCP segment is primarily used to indicate the sequence of bytes being sent?
- Urgent Pointer
- Sequence Number (correct)
- Destination Port
- Window Size
How does TCP primarily detect lost packets?
How does TCP primarily detect lost packets?
- By using checksum calculations for each segment.
- By implementing delayed acknowledgments based on RTT.
- By sending a request for retransmission upon timeout.
- By monitoring the sequence number gaps in received segments. (correct)
What is the role of the 'Window Size' in TCP's flow control mechanism?
What is the role of the 'Window Size' in TCP's flow control mechanism?
Which of the following accurately describes how TCP sets timeouts?
Which of the following accurately describes how TCP sets timeouts?
Flashcards
TCP Reliable Data Transfer
TCP Reliable Data Transfer
TCP ensures data delivery by using acknowledgments, sequence numbers, and retransmissions.
TCP Congestion Control
TCP Congestion Control
Mechanism to manage data flow and prevent network overload by adjusting transmission rate.
Selective Repeat
Selective Repeat
A TCP protocol that retransmits only lost segments. More efficient than Go Back N.
TCP Header Fields
TCP Header Fields
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TCP Timeouts
TCP Timeouts
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Study Notes
Reliable Data Transfer Principles
- Pipelined transmission allows multiple packets to be sent before waiting for an acknowledgment. Alternating bit protocol sends one packet at a time, waiting for acknowledgment before sending the next.
- Selective Repeat has advantages like retransmitting only lost packets, minimizing retransmissions. GoBackN retransmits a block of packets after a timeout, potentially retransmitting some correctly received packets, but faster for small loss cases.
UDP
- UDP header fields include source port, destination port, length, and checksum. These fields identify the application and ensure data integrity.
TCP
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TCP headers contain fields for source and destination ports, sequence numbers, acknowledgment numbers, flags (SYN, ACK, FIN, RST, etc.), and window size. These fields are fundamental to TCP's reliable communication.
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TCP's reliable data transfer relies on sequence numbers and acknowledgment packets to ensure all data is delivered correctly. Expected sequence and acknowledgment numbers track data flow.
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TCP acknowledges packets with acknowledgment numbers corresponding to received data. Delayed acknowledgements smooth out network communication.
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TCP detects packet loss using timeouts and retransmissions if acknowledgements aren't received.
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TCP timeouts are determined by a combination of factors, including estimated round-trip time and a calculated timeout interval to handle packet loss. Timeouts ensure TCP's resilience to network fluctuations.
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TCP establishes connections using a three-way handshake (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK). Connections terminate with a four-way handshake (FIN, ACK, FIN, ACK).
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TCP's flow control algorithm prevents a sender from overwhelming a receiver with data.
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TCP congestion control algorithms manage network traffic effectively by adjusting data transmission rates dynamically based on network congestion.
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