Relativism in Ethics
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements best describes subjective relativism?

  • Moral norms are determined by a society's collective beliefs.
  • Moral judgments are based on the consequences of actions.
  • There are objective moral principles that apply universally.
  • What is right or wrong is a matter of individual opinion. (correct)

    • According to cultural relativism, what determines the morality of an action?

  • The universal laws of nature.
  • The prevailing moral guidelines of the society. (correct)
  • The individual's personal beliefs and values.
  • The consequences of the action itself.

    • Which of the following examples supports the idea of cultural relativism?

  • A society practices arranged marriages, while another considers it a violation of individual rights. (correct)
  • A universal principle states that it is always wrong to steal.
  • A person's conscience dictates what is right or wrong in all situations.
  • A person believes that all forms of killing are wrong, regardless of the context.

    • Which of the following is a potential criticism of cultural relativism?

    <p>It allows for the justification of harmful or oppressive practices within a society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between subjective relativism and cultural relativism?

    <p>Subjective relativism emphasizes individual autonomy, while cultural relativism emphasizes societal norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Relativism Overview

    • Relativism posits that there are no universal standards of morality; concepts of right and wrong vary between individuals and cultures.

    Subjective Relativism

    • Individuals determine their own moral standards and decide what is right or wrong for themselves.
    • Captured in the maxim: "What’s right for you may not be right for me."

    Cultural Relativism

    • The belief that the meanings of "right" and "wrong" are dictated by the moral guidelines of a specific society.
    • Ethical norms may vary widely across different cultures and historical contexts, with actions deemed unacceptable in one society potentially acceptable in another.
    • Emphasizes understanding cultures on their own terms rather than applying one's own moral standards for judgment.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the theory of relativism in ethics, including subjective and cultural relativism, and how they define right and wrong.

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