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Study Notes
SQL Introduction
- Developed by IBM in the 1970s
- Early prototype called System R
SQL Standards
- First standard published by ANSI (American National Standards Institute) in 1986 (SQL-86)
- Extended standard published in 1989 (SQL-89)
- ANSI/ISO version is SQL-92
- Standard version is SQL:1999
- SQL:2003 and SQL:2006 added XML
- SQL:2008 added object database feature
SQL Characteristics
- Non-procedural language
- Aims to express most database operations (queries, updates, creating tables, etc.)
SQL Terminology
- Relvar and relation = table in SQL
- Tuple = row in SQL
- Attribute = column in SQL
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