16 Questions
What is one reason why gene expression in bacteria needs to be controlled precisely?
To prevent wasteful synthesis of unnecessary materials
How many genes are typically needed by bacteria at any one time?
600-800
Which of the following bacteria has a much higher number of proteins that regulate its response to different stimuli?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What kind of proteins does a bacterial cell need to produce at very high levels?
Structural proteins
What is the approximate ATP consumption per protein during gene expression in bacteria?
$3000$ ATP molecules
Why does Helicobacter pylori have a small number of proteins that regulate its response to different stimuli?
It is adapted to the human stomach
What is the main factor influencing the expression of individual genes in bacteria?
The efficiency with which the gene is transcribed
Which regulatory factor determines the amount of specific mRNA produced in a cell?
The stability of the mRNA
Which post-translational effect is especially important as a mechanism for regulating the function of specific proteins?
Phosphorylation
What is necessary for the conversion of polypeptide chains into a biologically active conformation?
Protein folding
What is likely to be higher when there are several copies of a gene?
The level of product
Which factor mainly determines the efficiency with which the gene is transcribed in bacteria?
Promoter activity
What affects the rate of translation mainly in bacteria?
Codon usage
What is important for the metabolism and physiology of a cell?
Temporary effects such as inhibition and activation of individual enzymes
Which type of RNA has considerably more stability due to a high degree of secondary structure?
rRNA
When does gene copy number become important for controlling the normal metabolic activities in a bacterial cell?
During plasmid-mediated characteristics
Explore the mechanisms and regulations involved in gene expression in bacteria, and understand how bacteria cope with various challenges by utilizing a large reservoir of genetic information. Learn about the estimated number of genes in different bacteria and the ATP consumption associated with gene expression.
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