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Questions and Answers
ABP is associated with __________ due to decrease in stroke volume and heart rate.
ABP is associated with __________ due to decrease in stroke volume and heart rate.
hypotension
The systolic pressure increases due to the increase in __________ and cardiac output.
The systolic pressure increases due to the increase in __________ and cardiac output.
stroke volume
The diastolic pressure decreases due to __________ dilation.
The diastolic pressure decreases due to __________ dilation.
peripheral vasodilation
The pulse pressure increases due to the __________ in systolic and diastolic pressures.
The pulse pressure increases due to the __________ in systolic and diastolic pressures.
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The management of hypervolemia involves the __________ of fluids.
The management of hypervolemia involves the __________ of fluids.
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Study Notes
Regulation of ADH Secretion
- Increased plasma osmolarity by 1% stimulates ADH secretion
- Decreased plasma osmolarity inhibits ADH secretion
- Hypovolemia (↓ blood volume) stimulates ADH secretion, which increases blood pressure
- Hypervolemia (↑ blood volume) inhibits ADH secretion
- Certain drugs, such as morphine and nicotine, stimulate ADH secretion
- Polydipsia (excessive thirst) can keep a patient healthy by preventing dehydration
- Depressed thirst sensation, often caused by loss of consciousness, can lead to fatal dehydration
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion (SIADH)
- Caused by increased ADH secretion from the posterior pituitary or an ectopic source, such as a malignant tumor (e.g. bronchogenic carcinoma)
- Manifestations of SIADH include:
- Water retention
- Hyponatremia (low sodium levels)
- Increased urine osmolarity
- Edema
- Hypotension (low blood pressure) due to decreased stroke volume and heart rate
- Increased systolic blood pressure due to increased stroke volume and cardiac output
- Decreased diastolic blood pressure due to peripheral vasodilation
- Increased pulse pressure
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