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Questions and Answers
What stimulates β cells to release insulin?
What stimulates β cells to release insulin?
- Somatostatin from δ cells
- Increased glucose levels (correct)
- Decreased glucose levels
- Loss of insulin effect
What is the role of α cells when blood glucose levels decrease?
What is the role of α cells when blood glucose levels decrease?
- Inhibit glucagon release
- Release insulin
- Release glucagon (correct)
- Inhibit insulin release
In Type 1 diabetes (IDDM), what causes the condition?
In Type 1 diabetes (IDDM), what causes the condition?
- Failure of somatostatin release
- Loss of the β cells from autoimmune destruction (correct)
- Loss of the α cells
- Loss of the insulin effect
What is a characteristic feature of Type 2 diabetes (NIDDM)?
What is a characteristic feature of Type 2 diabetes (NIDDM)?
What happens in Type 2 diabetes commonly associated with obesity?
What happens in Type 2 diabetes commonly associated with obesity?
How do α and β cells contribute to the control of blood glucose concentration?
How do α and β cells contribute to the control of blood glucose concentration?
What is the main component of pars distalis in the adenohypophysis?
What is the main component of pars distalis in the adenohypophysis?
Which type of cells are known as basophils and acidophils based on their staining affinities?
Which type of cells are known as basophils and acidophils based on their staining affinities?
How are subtypes of basophilic and acidophilic cells usually identified?
How are subtypes of basophilic and acidophilic cells usually identified?
What is the characteristic of chromophobes in the pars distalis?
What is the characteristic of chromophobes in the pars distalis?
Which part of the adenohypophysis accounts for 75% of its composition?
Which part of the adenohypophysis accounts for 75% of its composition?
What are the two broad groups of cells suggested by common stains in the pars distalis?
What are the two broad groups of cells suggested by common stains in the pars distalis?
What stimulates melatonin release in periods of darkness?
What stimulates melatonin release in periods of darkness?
Which pancreatic cell type produces glucagon?
Which pancreatic cell type produces glucagon?
What is the role of the pineal gland as described in the text?
What is the role of the pineal gland as described in the text?
What is the main function of insulin in the body?
What is the main function of insulin in the body?
What type of cells are found in the pineal gland that represent about 5% of the cells?
What type of cells are found in the pineal gland that represent about 5% of the cells?
Which hormone inhibits the release of other islet cell hormones?
Which hormone inhibits the release of other islet cell hormones?
What are the concretions of calcium and magnesium salts called in the pineal gland?
What are the concretions of calcium and magnesium salts called in the pineal gland?
Where are the glial cells found within the pineal gland?
Where are the glial cells found within the pineal gland?
What is the hormone produced by PP cells in the pancreas?
What is the hormone produced by PP cells in the pancreas?
What determines the diurnal rhythms of hormone release and physiologic activities throughout the body?
What determines the diurnal rhythms of hormone release and physiologic activities throughout the body?
Which pancreatic cell type secretes a hormone that stimulates activity of gastric chief cells?
Which pancreatic cell type secretes a hormone that stimulates activity of gastric chief cells?
What is the hormone structure of glucagon?
What is the hormone structure of glucagon?
What is the role of thyroid peroxidase in the iodination of tyrosyl residues in thyroglobulin?
What is the role of thyroid peroxidase in the iodination of tyrosyl residues in thyroglobulin?
How are T3 and T4 formed within the colloidal thyroglobulin?
How are T3 and T4 formed within the colloidal thyroglobulin?
What is the main mechanism through which endocytosis of iodinated thyroglobulin occurs in thyrocytes?
What is the main mechanism through which endocytosis of iodinated thyroglobulin occurs in thyrocytes?
Where do C cells typically reside in relation to the follicular epithelium?
Where do C cells typically reside in relation to the follicular epithelium?
Which organelle is involved in degrading thyroglobulin with lysosomal proteases?
Which organelle is involved in degrading thyroglobulin with lysosomal proteases?
What differentiates C cells from thyrocytes in terms of size and staining characteristics?
What differentiates C cells from thyrocytes in terms of size and staining characteristics?
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