16 Questions
What is the term used to describe the bending of a ray of light when it goes from one medium to another?
Refraction
Which law of refraction states that the incidence ray, normal, and refracted ray are all in the same plane?
Law of Reflection
What is the critical angle?
The angle at which total internal reflection occurs
Which type of lens produces virtual images?
Concave lens
What is the formula used to calculate focal length, object distance, and image distance for lenses?
$f = \frac{1}{v} - \frac{1}{u}$
What does the power of a lens represent?
$\frac{1}{f}$ where $f$ is the focal length of the lens
In what situation is light going from a denser to a rarer medium refracted?
Toward the normal
What characterizes the human eye's lens alongside the cornea?
$\frac{1}{f}$ is positive for it
What does the refractive index (n) of a medium signify?
The speed of light in the medium
When light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, how is it refracted?
Away from the normal
What is the main characteristic of a concave lens?
Produces virtual images
What happens to the power of a lens when two lenses with equal power are in contact?
It remains the same
Which law is also known as Snell's Law?
Law of Refraction
How is the critical angle defined in optics?
The angle at which light is totally internally reflected
What type of system does the human eye lens form with the cornea?
Converging system
What does the formula 1/f = 1/u + 1/v represent for lenses?
Relationship between focal length, object distance, and image distance
Study Notes
Refraction
- Refraction is the bending of a ray of light when it goes from one medium to another.
- Three main components of refraction are incident ray, normal, and refracted ray, which are all in the same plane.
- The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is a constant for two given media, known as Snell's Law.
- Light is refracted towards the normal when going from denser to rarer medium, and away from the normal when going from rarer to denser medium.
- The critical angle is the angle of incidence whose corresponding angle of refraction is 90 degrees.
Optical Fibre
- An optical fibre is a thin transparent rod (usually of glass) through which light can travel by total internal reflection.
- The refractive index (n) of a medium is equal to the ratio of real depth to apparent depth, or the ratio of velocity in medium 1 to velocity in medium 2.
Lenses
- There are two types of lenses: concave (diverging) and convex (converging).
- Concave lenses produce virtual images, while convex lenses produce both real and virtual images.
- The formula 1/f = 1/u + 1/v is used to calculate focal length (f), object distance (u), and image distance (v).
- The power of a lens is equal to 1/f, and the power of a combination of lenses is equal to P1 + P2, where P1 and P2 are the powers of the individual lenses.
- The human eye uses a lens which, alongside the cornea, produces a converging system.
Test your knowledge on the definition and laws of refraction in physics. Learn about Snell's Law and how light behaves when it goes from one medium to another.
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