Reforms by Raja Ram Mohan Roy

A reform movement in India that aimed to address social and religious issues, such as caste discrimination, superstition, and traditional practices deemed harmful.

The practice of a widow immolating herself on her husband's funeral pyre, considered a barbaric tradition by many reformers.

A prominent social reformer in 19th century India who spearheaded the movement against Sati, child marriage, and the Purdah system.

A religious and social movement founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, advocating for the belief in one God, rational thinking, and rejection of idol worship.

The practice of women concealing themselves in public with a veil or by staying indoors.

Formal discussions between different religions to understand common values and promote interfaith harmony.

A group of people who share a common interest in understanding and discussing religious and philosophical ideas.

This refers to the factors that prevented the progress of Indian society, such as superstitions, orthodox beliefs, caste discrimination, and lack of critical thinking.

Founded by Dadoba Pandurang Tarkhadkar, the Prarthana Samaj aimed to simplify Hinduism by promoting monotheism, educating women, and opposing idol worship.

Mahatma Jotirao Phule, a social reformer, established the Satyashodhak Samaj in 1873 to challenge traditional religious norms and champion equality.

The Satyashodhak Samaj believed in one God, rejected the authority of ancient religious texts, and embraced rationality.

The Satyashodhak Samaj condemned idol worship and pilgrimage, considering them unnecessary rituals.

Mahatma Phule and Savitribai Phule, along with Pandita Ramabai and Ramabai Ranade, played a crucial role in empowering women through education.

Gopalbaba Walangkar's work, 'Vital Vidhwamsan' (Destroying Defilement), fiercely criticized untouchability, advocating for equality in society.

Shivram Janba highlighted the plight of marginalized women like Murali, Jogatini, and Devdasi, advocating for their welfare.

Founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875, the Arya Samaj revered the Vedas as sacred texts and campaigned against caste discrimination and for women's rights.

Founded in 1897 by Swami Vivekananda, it focused on aiding those in need through initiatives like famine relief, healthcare, and women's education, inspiring Indian youth to strive for success.

A prominent figure in the 19th century, he advocated for modern education, science, and technology for Muslims. He established the Aligarh Muslim University and promoted interfaith understanding.

Born in 1850, she challenged patriarchal norms and wrote an essay comparing the situations of women and men, advocating for women's rights, including widow remarriage, education, and the abolition of Sati. She challenged the patriarchal system by asserting that religious systems, created by men, suppress women.

He established Marathi schools and technical training institutes in Mumbai, founded the Depressed Classes Mission, and raised awareness about issues affecting lower castes. He also advocated for their rights, including temple entry, participation in agricultural conferences, and a joint electorate system.

A prominent figure in the fight for social equality, he aimed to create a society based on freedom, equality, and fraternity. He initiated a movement against the caste system and advocated for education, unity, and activism. He led the Satyagraha of Chavadar Tank, asserting that public water bodies should be open to all.

Dr. Ambedkar's movement against the caste system and for social equality aimed to create a society based on the principles of freedom, equality, and fraternity. He believed in the power of education, unity, and activism to bring about change.

Dr. Ambedkar spearheaded the 'Bahishkrut Hitkarini Sabha' as a platform for the 'depressed classes', promoting education, unity, and activism to fight against the caste system.

Dr. Ambedkar, along with Karmaveer Dadasaheb Gaikwad, led a Satyagraha in 1930 to open the 'Kala Ram Temple' in Nasik to all, challenging the discriminatory practices of the time. This act symbolized a call for inclusivity and equal access to religious spaces.

Ambedkar established newspapers such as 'Mooknayak', 'Bahishkrut Bharat', 'Janata', and 'Samata' to raise awareness and advocate for social equality.

Ambedkar founded the 'Independent Labour Party' to represent the needs and interests of the working class.

Ambedkar established the 'Scheduled Caste Federation' to fight for equal rights and opportunities for those considered 'untouchable'.

Periyar was known for his strong support of women's rights, opposing child marriage, and advocating for family planning.

Periyar was a prominent leader who spoke out against the caste system and promoted the idea of equality for all.

Sayajirao of Baroda State provided free education, hostels, and social programs for all, including those from lower castes and tribes.

Sayajirao implemented compulsory primary education for both boys and girls, promoting literacy and equal opportunities.

Sayajirao actively encouraged women's education and established a center for their physical training, breaking traditional barriers.