Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of an oxidizing agent in a reduction half reaction?
Which of the following statements is true about the organization of the reduction half reaction table?
What determines whether a reaction is spontaneous or non-spontaneous?
What is the oxidizing agent in the reaction: Cu(s) / H +(aq) / NO3–(aq) / H2O(l)?
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What is the net result of combining a reduction half reaction and an oxidation half reaction?
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Which species loses electrons in the reaction Pb(s) + 2 Ag+(aq) → 2 Ag(s) + Pb2+(aq)?
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In a redox reaction, what is the purpose of multiplying the half-reactions by simple whole numbers?
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What is the oxidation half reaction for the reaction Pb(s) + 2 Ag+(aq) → 2 Ag(s) + Pb2+(aq)?
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What is the reduction half-reaction in the reaction: O2(g) + 4 H +(aq) + 4e – → 2 H2O(l)?
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What is the net ionic equation for the reaction: Fe(s) / H2O(l) / H +(aq) / O2(g)?
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Why does a strip of zinc react with a solution of copper(II) nitrate, but a strip of copper does not react with a solution of zinc nitrate?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a spontaneous redox reaction?
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What is the purpose of the reduction half reaction table?
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What is the role of the species being oxidized in a redox reaction?
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Which of the following species is most likely to be a reducing agent in a reaction?
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What is the purpose of constructing half-reactions in predicting balanced redox equations?
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In a disproportionation reaction, what happens to the species being reacted?
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What determines the spontaneity of a redox reaction?
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What is the purpose of a reductions table in redox reactions?
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When creating a net ionic equation, what is the first step?
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Which of the following is an example of an oxidation half reaction?
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What is the relationship between the position of an oxidizing agent on the reductions table and its reactivity?
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What is necessary for a redox reaction to occur?
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Which of the following is an example of a spontaneous redox reaction?
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Study Notes
Using the Reductions Table
- A reduction half-reaction table shows all reactions with electrons being gained, and the species gaining electrons is the oxidizing agent.
- If the table were written in reverse, it would show a loss of electrons and be called an oxidation half-reaction table.
Reduction and Oxidation Half-Reactions
- In a reduction half-reaction, electrons are gained, and the species gaining electrons is the oxidizing agent.
- In an oxidation half-reaction, electrons are lost, and the species losing electrons is the reducing agent.
Characteristics of the Reductions Table
- The most reactive or strongest oxidizing agents are found at the upper left corner of the table.
- The most reactive or strongest reducing agents are found at the lower right side of the table.
- When a reduction half-reaction is added to an oxidation half-reaction, a REDOX (reduction-oxidation) reaction is formed.
Determining Spontaneous or Non-Spontaneous Reactions
- A reaction is spontaneous if an oxidizing agent (OA) reacts with a reducing agent (RA) where the OA is positioned higher on the table than the RA.
- A reaction is non-spontaneous if an OA reacts with an RA where the OA is positioned lower on the table than the RA.
Disproportionation
- Disproportionation is a reaction where a species is both oxidized and reduced.
- Example: Two iron(II) ions colliding in a solution, resulting in one iron(II) ion being oxidized to iron(III) and another iron(II) ion being reduced to iron(s).
Predicting Redox Reactions
- Steps to predict balanced redox equations:
- Start with two half-reaction equations
- Balance each half-reaction equation
- Multiply each half-reaction equation by simple whole numbers to balance electrons lost and gained
- Add the two half-reaction equations, cancelling electrons and identical species
Constructing Half-Reactions
- Identify all species present
- Identify which species are oxidizing agents (OA) and reducing agents (RA)
- Use the Reductions Table to create net ionic (redox) equations
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Description
Understanding the reduction half reaction table, where all reactions involve the gain of electrons, and how it can be reversed to show oxidation half reactions.