Redox Reactions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What occurs during a redox reaction?

  • The total mass of the reactants is reduced.
  • Electrons are created and destroyed.
  • Chemical bonds are broken without any change in charge.
  • Electrons are transferred between chemical species. (correct)

What does a reduction reaction involve?

  • Losing electrons.
  • Combining with oxygen.
  • Gaining protons.
  • Gaining electrons. (correct)

In the formation of calcium oxide, which species is oxidized?

  • Calcium oxide compound.
  • Electrons.
  • Oxygen atoms.
  • Calcium metal. (correct)

Which best describes oxidation in a chemical reaction?

<p>The process of losing electrons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the term 'oxidation' not limited to reactions involving oxygen?

<p>Because it was expanded to include loss of electrons. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of a calcium ion after being oxidized?

<p>2+ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the reaction of magnesium oxide with hydrogen, which shift indicates reduction?

<p>Oxygen gains electrons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Antoine Lavoisier's contribution to the concept of oxidation?

<p>He identified oxidation as sacrificing oxygen. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the charge of magnesium when it goes from magnesium oxide to solid magnesium?

<p>It becomes neutral. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ion is being reduced in the reaction between zinc chloride and magnesium?

<p>Zinc (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of spectator ions in a chemical reaction?

<p>They remain unchanged throughout the reaction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mnemonic device can help remember the concepts of oxidation and reduction?

<p>OIL RIG (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the reaction of magnesium with zinc chloride, how does magnesium behave?

<p>It is oxidized. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the reaction between magnesium oxide and hydrogen, which of the following is true regarding magnesium?

<p>It gains two electrons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final charge of solid zinc after the reaction with magnesium?

<p>0 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of oxidation and reduction, what does the term 'oxidation' specifically refer to?

<p>Loss of electrons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Redox Reaction

A chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between species.

Reduction

A chemical reaction where a species gains electrons, associated with a decrease in oxidation state.

Oxidation

A chemical reaction where a species loses electrons, associated with an increase in oxidation state.

Oxidation (Oxygen)

Involving oxygen, a process where a substance loses electrons and combines with oxygen.

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Oxidation State

A number assigned to an element in a compound that reflects its electron-sharing behavior.

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Example of Oxidation

A chemical reaction in which an atom or ion loses electrons.

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Redox and Oxygen

Oxygen often acts as a component of electron-accepting reactions or reduction.

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Magnesium Oxide Reduction

When magnesium oxide is heated with hydrogen, it undergoes reduction, gaining electrons, and recovering elemental magnesium.

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Magnesium Oxidation

The loss of electrons by magnesium, resulting in a positive charge.

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Magnesium Reduction

The gain of electrons by magnesium, resulting in a neutral atom.

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Oxidation

The process of losing electrons during a chemical reaction.

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Reduction

The process of gaining electrons during a chemical reaction.

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Spectator Ions

Ions that remain unchanged during a chemical reaction.

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Ionic Compound

A compound formed by positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions).

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Chemical Equation

A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and symbols.

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Net Ionic Equation

A chemical equation that shows only the ions directly involved in the reaction.

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Study Notes

Redox Reactions

  • Redox reactions involve electron transfer between species.
  • Oxidation is the loss of electrons; reduction is the gain of electrons.
  • "OIL RIG" is a helpful mnemonic: Oxidation Involves Loss, Reduction Involves Gain.
  • Oxidation doesn't always involve oxygen. The original meaning of oxidation came from reactions involving oxygen.
  • The transfer of electrons results in a change in charge of the species involved.

Example: Calcium Oxide Formation

  • 2Ca(s) + O₂(g) → 2CaO(s)
  • Calcium loses electrons, forming Ca²⁺ ions (oxidation).
  • Oxygen gains electrons, forming O²⁻ ions (reduction).
  • Oxygen is frequently reduced in redox reactions involving oxygen, but not always.

Example: Determining Oxidation/Reduction

  • MgO + H₂ → Mg + H₂O
  • Mg²⁺ in MgO is reduced to Mg⁰ (gaining electrons).
  • Magnesium oxide is reduced.

Example: Zinc Chloride and Magnesium

  • ZnCl₂(aq) + Mg(s) → MgCl₂(aq) + Zn(s)
  • Magnesium is oxidized (loses electrons) to Mg²⁺(aq).
  • Zinc is reduced (gains electrons) forming Zn⁰(s)
  • Chloride ions are spectator ions (no charge change).

Net Ionic Equation

  • The spectator ions are omitted to obtain the net ionic equation
  • Zn²⁺(aq) + Mg(s) → Mg²⁺(aq) + Zn(s)

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