Redox Reactions Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of oxidation?

The addition of oxygen/electronegative element to a substance or the removal of hydrogen/electropositive element from a substance.

What does "redox" stand for?

Reduction-oxidation

What is an oxidizing agent?

A reagent that increases the oxidation number of an element in a given substance.

What is a reducing agent?

<p>A reagent that lowers the oxidation number of an element in a given substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does oxidation number denote?

<p>The oxidation state of an element in a compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidation number in the elemental state?

<p>Zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidation number of oxygen in most compounds?

<p>-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidation number of a monatomic ion?

<p>Equal to its charge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the oxidation number of hydrogen deviate from +1?

<p>When it is bonded to metals in binary compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidation number of fluorine in all its compounds?

<p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the algebraic sum of oxidation numbers of all atoms in a compound?

<p>Zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

All decomposition reactions are redox reactions.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The reaction between zinc and copper nitrate is a displacement reaction.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is the combination of carbon with oxygen to form carbon dioxide?

<p>Combination reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen?

<p>Decomposition reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is the displacement of hydrogen from hydrochloric acid by zinc?

<p>Displacement reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is the simultaneous reduction and oxidation of the same element?

<p>Disproportionation reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

The reaction of potassium dichromate with sodium sulphite in an acid solution is an example of a redox reaction?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is NOT true about redox reactions?

<p>All chemical reactions are redox reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a redox reaction?

<p>CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the concept of oxidation number?

<p>The oxidation number method was developed to keep track of electron shifts in chemical reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following metals is the most active reducing agent?

<p>Zn</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following halogens is the strongest oxidizing agent?

<p>Fluorine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reactions is NOT a disproportionation reaction?

<p>2H2O2(aq) → 2H2O(l) + O2(g)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the use of indicators in redox titrations?

<p>Redox indicators are substances that are oxidised or reduced by the analyte, resulting in a colour change</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the standard electrode potential (E) of an electrode?

<p>A positive E value indicates that the redox couple is a stronger reducing agent than the H/H2 couple.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct statement about the use of the half-reaction method to balance redox reactions?

<p>The half-reaction method requires balancing the charges and atoms in each half-reaction separately before combining them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a galvanic cell, electrons travel from the anode to the cathode through the external circuit.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The electrode potential of an electrode is independent of the concentration of the species involved in the electrode reaction.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A redox couple consists of an oxidised form and a reduced form of the same species.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

A salt bridge is used in a galvanic cell to provide a pathway for the flow of electrons between the electrodes.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Redox Reactions

  • Redox reactions involve simultaneous oxidation and reduction
  • Oxidation is defined as the addition of oxygen or the removal of hydrogen, and gain of electrons
  • Reduction is defined as the removal of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen, and loss of electrons
  • Oxidant (oxidising agent) causes oxidation
  • Reductant (reducing agent) causes reduction

Classical Idea of Redox Reactions

  • Oxidation was originally defined as the addition of oxygen to a substance.
  • Reduction was originally defined as the removal of oxygen to a substance.
  • Oxidation and Reduction are always coupled processes.

Redox Reactions in Terms of Electron Transfer Reactions

  • Oxidation is defined as the loss of electrons, and reduction is defined as the gain of electrons.
  • A redox reaction involves a transfer of electrons.

Competitive Electron Transfer Reactions

  • In a reaction involving zinc and copper nitrate, zinc is oxidised and copper nitrate is reduced.

Oxidation Number

  • Oxidation number is a positive or negative integer assigned to an atom in a compound or ion
  • Rules for assigning oxidation numbers are used to keep track of electrons in redox reactions.

Types of Redox Reactions

  • Combination reactions (e.g., burning of magnesium with oxygen) result in the formation of a new compound.
  • Decomposition reactions (e.g., decomposition of hydrogen peroxide) result in the breakdown of a pre-existing compound.
  • Displacement reactions (e.g., copper nitrate with zinc) involve the replacement of one element by another.
  • Disproportionation reactions (e.g., chlorine reacting with water) an element in an intermediate oxidation state is simultaneously oxidized and reduced

Balancing Redox Reactions

  • Methods for balancing redox reactions, such as the oxidation number method and the half-reaction method, involve balancing atoms and charges.

Redox Reactions as the Basis for Titrations

  • Redox titrations use redox indicators to determine the endpoint of a reaction.

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Redox Reactions PDF

Description

This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of redox reactions, including definitions of oxidation and reduction, the roles of oxidants and reductants, and the importance of electron transfer. It also touches upon classical definitions and competitive reactions involving common elements like zinc and copper. Test your understanding of these essential chemical processes!

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