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Questions and Answers
In which of the following species does oxygen have a positive oxidation state?
In which of the following species does oxygen have a positive oxidation state?
- SO₃
- Hâ‚‚O
- COâ‚‚
- OFâ‚‚ (correct)
A reaction in which a substance loses electrons is termed reduction.
A reaction in which a substance loses electrons is termed reduction.
False (B)
Which of the following transformations represents an oxidation process?
Which of the following transformations represents an oxidation process?
- $S^{2-} \rightarrow S$ (correct)
- $H^+ \rightarrow H_2$
- $Fe^{3+} \rightarrow Fe^{2+}$
- $Cl_2 \rightarrow 2Cl^-$
Match the following half-reactions with the appropriate number of electrons involved:
Match the following half-reactions with the appropriate number of electrons involved:
In the reaction $2H_2 + O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O$, which element is reduced?
In the reaction $2H_2 + O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O$, which element is reduced?
Which statement accurately describes why zinc is oxidized in the reaction $Zn + 2HCl \rightarrow ZnCl_2 + H_2$?
Which statement accurately describes why zinc is oxidized in the reaction $Zn + 2HCl \rightarrow ZnCl_2 + H_2$?
Flashcards
Oxidation Number
Oxidation Number
The charge an atom would have if all bonds were ionic.
Oxidation
Oxidation
A reaction involving the loss of electrons, increase in oxidation number.
Reduction
Reduction
A reaction involving the gain of electrons, decrease in oxidation number.
Oxidant (Oxidizing Agent)
Oxidant (Oxidizing Agent)
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Reductant (Reducing Agent)
Reductant (Reducing Agent)
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Half-Equation
Half-Equation
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What happens when a species is Oxidized?
What happens when a species is Oxidized?
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What happens when a species is Reduced?
What happens when a species is Reduced?
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Study Notes
Oxidation Number Determination
- To determine the oxidation number of an element in a compound, assign oxidation numbers to known elements, and then calculate the unknown element's oxidation number based on the overall charge neutrality of the compound or ion.
Oxidation and Reduction Reactions
- Oxidation involves the gain of oxygen or an increase in oxidation number.
- Reduction involves the gain of hydrogen.
- An element becoming a negative ion typically undergoes reduction.
- An atom that increases its oxidation number undergoes oxidation.
Identifying Redox Reactions
- Oxidation reactions:
- HSO3 to SO42-
- Br- to Br2
- reactions where there is a loss of electrons
- Reduction reactions:
- O2 to O2-
- I2 to I-
- Fe3+ to Fe2+
- reactions where there is a gain of electrons
Balancing Ion-Electron Half Equations
- Balance all elements other than hydrogen and oxygen
- Add H2O to balance the oxygen atoms
- Add H+ to balance the hydrogen atoms
- Add electrons to balance the charge
Oxidant vs Reductant
- Oxidant: The element that causes oxidation by accepting electrons, and is itself reduced
- Reductant: The element that causes reduction by donating electrons, and is itself oxidized
Oxidation vs Reduction
- Oxidation: The element undergoing an increase in oxidation number
- Reduction: The element undergoing a decrease in oxidation number
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Description
This lesson covers oxidation number determination, oxidation and reduction processes, and identifying redox reactions. It includes balancing ion-electron half equations and understanding electron transfer in chemical reactions.
