Red Blood Cell Lifecycle and Recycling Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of white blood cell contains a U-shaped or lobed nucleus and releases histamine?

Neutrophils

Basophils (correct)

Eosinophils

Lymphocytes

What is the function of platelets in blood clotting?

To cause blood clotting (correct)

To form long threads of fibrin

To release thrombin

To convert fibrinogen to fibrin

What converts prothrombin to thrombin in the blood clotting process?

Thromboxane

Prothrombin activator (correct)

Platelets

Fibrinogen

What is the enzyme that destroys the fibrin network after blood vessel repair starts?

Plasmin Signup and view all the answers

What does aspirin inhibit in the platelets?

Thromboxane activity Signup and view all the answers

What disorder is characterized by a deficiency in platelet number?

Thrombocytopenia Signup and view all the answers

Where are B cells and T cells developed into important immune system cells?

Red bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What do macrophages develop into, after taking residence in tissues?

Dendritic cells Signup and view all the answers

What causes the formation of fibrin threads that catch RBCs during blood clotting?

Formation of activated fibrin fragments by thrombin Signup and view all the answers

What is contained in serum that is absent in plasma?

Fibrinogen and prothrombin Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of hemoglobin in the blood?

Transporting oxygen to the cells and carrying CO2 as a waste product Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the blood helps regulate body temperature by picking up heat from active muscles and transporting it around the body?

Plasma Signup and view all the answers

What are the formed elements of blood primarily produced in?

Red bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of red blood cells (RBCs)?

Lack a nucleus and few organelles Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of white blood cells (WBC) in the blood?

Engulfing and destroying pathogens by phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of platelets in the blood?

Assisting in injury defense by helping in blood clotting Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood is responsible for maintaining the liquid content of the blood high through osmotic pressure?

Plasma Signup and view all the answers

What do red blood cells (RBCs) primarily lack that contributes to their specialized function of oxygen transport?

Nucleus and numerous organelles Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of globulins in plasma?

Maintain plasma's osmotic pressure and assist in transportation Signup and view all the answers

How does Oxygen primarily exist in the blood?

97% as associated with hemoglobin which indicates hemoglobin saturation, 3% as dissolved oxygen in the plasma. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of blood?

Transportation of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hemoglobin in blood?

Carries oxygen and carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

How does blood contribute to homeostasis?

By regulating body temperature, water-salt balance, and blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of platelets in the blood?

Defense against invasion by pathogens and by clotting to prevent blood loss Signup and view all the answers

How does blood contribute to the transportation of waste products?

Transferring waste products and excess nitrogen to the kidneys for elimination Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of blood plasma proteins?

Regulating body temperature, water-salt balance, and blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

In what way does blood maintain homeostasis?

By transporting waste products and regulating body temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of blood in transporting nutrients?

Picking up nutrients from the digestive tract for delivery to tissues Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cells is responsible for specific immunity to particular pathogens and toxins?

B lymphocytes (B cells) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of basophils in the body?

Release histamine associated with allergic reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which white blood cell type is the largest and can differentiate into even larger macrophages?

Monocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of erythropoietin?

Stimulates bone marrow stem cells to produce red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of granular leukocytes or granulocytes?

First to respond to bacterial infection Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves a projection from the white blood cell surrounding a pathogen and engulfing it?

Phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of T lymphocytes (T cells) in the immune system?

Directly destroy pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the formed elements in blood is responsible for the transport of nutrients, gases, and waste products?

Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the majority of iron in the globin portion of hemoglobin when RBCs are destroyed?

It is recovered and returned to the bone marrow for reuse Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Blood serves multiple functions: transportation, protection, temperature regulation, clotting, and homeostasis.
Transportation: Blood carries oxygen from lungs to cells and carbon dioxide from cells to lungs. Nutrients, wastes, hormones, and lipoproteins are also transported.
Protection: White blood cells (WBC) defend against pathogens and clotting factors prevent excessive blood loss.
Temperature Regulation: Blood helps maintain body temperature by carrying heat from active muscles.
Clotting: Platelets and clotting factors prevent excessive blood loss.
Homeostasis: Blood plays a role in regulating body temperature, water-salt balance, and acid-base balance.
Composition: Blood is composed of formed elements (red and white blood cells, platelets) and plasma.
Plasma: Makes up 55% of the blood and contains water, salts, organic molecules, and plasma proteins.
Red Blood Cells (RBC): Specialized for oxygen transport, contain hemoglobin, and lack a nucleus.
Hemoglobin: Contains globin and heme portions, binds reversibly to oxygen, and has a higher affinity for carbon monoxide.
Oxygen Transport: Bound to hemoglobin, making up 97% of the oxygen in blood, with 3% dissolved in plasma.
Carbon Dioxide Transport: In plasma as bicarbonate ions, in RBCs as carbaminohemoglobin, and as dissolved carbon dioxide.
Red Blood Cell Production: Produced in red bone marrow, have a lifespan of about 120 days, and are destroyed and replaced through homeostatic mechanisms.
White Blood Cells (WBC): Derived from red bone marrow, fight infections, and have varying lifespans.
Phagocytosis: A process in which WBCs engulf and destroy pathogens using lysosomes.
Antigen-Antibody Reaction: WBCs produce antibodies to combine with and neutralize antigens.
Erythropoietin (EPO) and Blood Doping: EPO stimulates RBC production for athletic performance, but can have fatal side effects.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the lifecycle and recycling process of red blood cells. Learn about their lifespan, destruction, and recycling of components like globin and iron.