Reconstruction Goals and Plans

What was the primary reason for the Great Exodus?

Which of the following events marked the end of Reconstruction?

Which of the following Reconstruction plans focused primarily on healing the nation and promoting reconciliation after the Civil War?

What was the primary purpose of the "Grandfather Clause"?

What was the key difference between Lincoln's 10% Plan and the Wade-Davis Bill?

Which Supreme Court ruling contributed to the spread of segregation?

Which of the following amendments guaranteed citizenship for all people born or naturalized in the United States?

Which of these was NOT a major factor in the collapse of Reconstruction?

Which of the following best describes the goal of the 15th Amendment?

Which of the following Reconstruction plans was most closely aligned with the concept of 'justice' for African Americans?

What was a major consequence of Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction policies?

Which event significantly impacted the economy and contributed to the end of Reconstruction?

Reconstruction Goals

Two key goals of Reconstruction:
- Healing (rapid reunification of the nation)
- Justice (ensuring equality for African Americans and addressing slavery's aftermath)

Reconstruction Plans

Abraham Lincoln's 10% Plan:
- Focused on healing; quick reunification
- Required 10% of voters to pledge loyalty and accept abolition of slavery
- Pardoned most southerners except Confederate leaders
Radical Republicans' Wade-Davis Bill:
- Focused on justice; punishing the South
- Required 50%+ of white males to pledge loyalty, excluding Confederate leaders
- Aim to limit Southern power and protect freedmen's rights
Andrew Johnson's Restoration Plan:
- Focused on healing; quick reunification
- Pardoned most Confederates
- Allowed Southern states to establish their own laws, including Black Codes

Amendments

13th Amendment:
- Abolished slavery
14th Amendment:
- Granted citizenship to all born or naturalized in the US
15th Amendment:
- Prohibited denial of voting rights based on race, color, or previous servitude

Reconstruction's Collapse

Factors contributing to Reconstruction's failure:
- Economic depression (Panic of 1873)
- Corruption and weak enforcement in Grant's administration
- Political opposition
- Rise of white supremacist groups (KKK)
- Compromise of 1877 (removal of federal troops from the South)

Impact on African Americans

Displacement and Migration (Great Exodus):
- Violence and discrimination in the South forced many to relocate west.
- Hope for opportunities in new communities (and challenging living conditions).
Segregation and Discrimination:
- White supremacist groups (e.g., KKK) used terror and violence.
- Supreme Court rulings allowed for segregation to spread.
- Lynchings were common.
Voting Restrictions:
- Southern states used various tactics like literacy tests, poll taxes, and the Grandfather Clause (to disenfranchise African Americans).
- Jim Crow Laws ensured racial discrimination (limiting voting rights).

This quiz explores the key goals of Reconstruction, focusing on healing and justice, as well as the various plans proposed by leaders like Lincoln, the Radical Republicans, and Johnson. Test your understanding of significant amendments and their impacts on American history during this critical period.