50 Questions
What does it mean to reconcile theories with one another?
To render them mutually consistent
In the Christian tradition, what is the divine-human relationship linked to?
The notion of salvation
What is reconciliation, as an outcome, defined as?
An improvement in relations among parties formerly at odds
What determines whether reconciliation has genuinely taken place?
Whether better future relations result from dealing with the past
What do critics argue about posing the problem of conflictridden societies as an issue of reconciliation?
It improperly assumes the legitimacy of political unity
According to Corntassel and Holder (2008), what can adopting the frame of a unifying rhetoric of reconciliation do?
Blind the parties to the roles of minority identity and oppression
What is the minimal sense of the problem of political reconciliation according to the text?
Asking how the parties will manage to live peacefully in continuing proximity with one another
What are theorists in the 'agonistic' tradition asking about the concept of reconciliation?
Whether it can remain useful within a framework that assumes political division
What does reconciliation allow for, according to some scholars?
Minimal and maximal versions of improved relationships
What is a lower degree of emotional restoration compared to the resumption of love and trust?
The resumption of basic respect
Which moral value was the conception of reconciliation in the South African debate linked to?
Ubuntu
How is reconciliation within a particular post-conflict society determined?
Through the free, deliberative, and democratic processes of that society
What was the focus of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) in South Africa?
Offering amnesty in return for truthful testimony from those guilty of politically motivated human rights abuses
How did interest in reconciliation as a moral and political value grow in the 1990s?
In response to South Africa's transition from apartheid to democracy
What is the main focus of the question of transitional justice?
How post-conflict societies can transition to stable and democratic government given past wrongs and harms
What is the stance of critics towards the concept of reconciliation in political contexts?
It can put unjustifiable demands on victims and sacrifice justice for peace
What is the relationship between reconciliation and justice?
They are sometimes viewed as conflicting values, especially after conflict
What are the four categories of improvement in relationships identified in the text?
Changes in external behaviors, changes in belief, resolving negative emotions and attitudes, and adopting or resuming positive emotions and attitudes
What do critics question regarding the use of relationship language in reconciliation?
The application of relationship language to cases involving strangers
What do some theorists offer accounts of reconciliation designed to cover?
A wide range of interpersonal and political relationships
What is the primary focus of this essay?
The uses of the concept of reconciliation in the treatment of moral and political issues
In the Christian tradition, what is the reconciliation of the divine-human relationship linked to?
The notion of salvation
How is reconciliation, as an outcome, defined in the text?
An improvement in the relations among parties formerly at odds with each other
What role do the reasons for improved relations play in determining whether reconciliation has genuinely taken place?
They may play a role in determining whether reconciliation has genuinely taken place
What is the term 'reconciliation' used to refer to, in the text?
Either a process or an outcome or goal
What is the nature of improvement required to qualify as reconciliation for any particular context?
A matter of disagreement among theorists
According to Corntassel and Holder (2008), what is a risk of adopting the frame of a unifying rhetoric of reconciliation?
Blinding the parties to the roles of minority identity and oppression in bringing about atrocities
What is the focus of the problem of political reconciliation in its minimal sense, as per the text?
How the parties will manage to live peacefully in continuing proximity with one another
What do some critics question regarding the concept of reconciliation in political contexts?
Whether it assumes the project of political unity is legitimate
What is the concern raised by theorists in the 'agonistic' tradition about the concept of reconciliation?
Whether the concept of reconciliation can remain useful within a framework that assumes political division
What do some critics argue about posing the problem of conflictridden societies as an issue of reconciliation?
It improperly assumes the project of political unity is legitimate
What is the risk of adopting a unifying rhetoric of reconciliation, as per the text?
Blinding the parties to the roles of minority identity and oppression in bringing about atrocities
What is the main focus of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) in South Africa?
Offering amnesty in return for truthful testimony from those guilty of politically motivated human rights abuses
What is the stance of critics towards the concept of reconciliation in political contexts?
It can put unjustifiable demands on victims and sacrifice justice for peace
What did the language and theories of reconciliation, originally developed for transitional contexts, evolve to be applied to?
Stable, non-transitional democracies
What do defenders of the concept of reconciliation believe about its articulation?
It is amenable to further articulation but defies easy or definitive analysis
What is the focus of the question of transitional justice?
How post-conflict societies can transition to stable and democratic government given past wrongs and harms
In what way is reconciliation discussed in the context of criminal law?
Restorative justice advocates emphasize the restoration of relationships between the offender, victim, and community
What is the primary concern with non-ideal facts about societies torn apart by injustice or violence?
The difficulty in achieving stronger forms of reconciliation without forgetting the past
What is one of the maximal forms of political reconciliation typically identified as?
Civic friendship
What is the relationship between conciliation and reconciliation according to some scholars?
Conciliation is preferred in contexts where groups have never lived according to good, just relations
What is the main focus of the question of transitional justice?
Addressing the impact of conflict and repression on political interaction
What is the minimal sense of the problem of political reconciliation according to the text?
The resumption of basic respect
What does the term ‘reconciliation’ allow for, according to the text?
Picking out an entire range of phenomena
What are the four categories of improvement in relationships identified in the text?
Changes in external behaviors, changes in belief, resolving negative emotions and attitudes, and adopting or resuming positive emotions and attitudes
What is the relationship between reconciliation and justice according to the text?
Sometimes seen as conflicting values, especially in the aftermath of conflict
What do critics question regarding the use of relationship language in reconciliation?
The relevance of using relationship language in cases involving strangers
What is the stance of critics towards the concept of reconciliation in political contexts?
They question its relevance and applicability
What is the minimal sense of the problem of political reconciliation according to the text?
The need to address conflicts and improve relationships between conflicting parties
What does reconciliation allow for, according to some scholars?
The rebuilding of trust and positive emotions between conflicting parties
Study Notes
Understanding Reconciliation: Types, Processes, and Relationships
- Reconciliation is understood as an improvement in the relationship between conflicting parties.
- The concept of reconciliation is scalar and the intensity of improvement varies in different contexts.
- The processes contributing to reconciliation are often controversial and subject to differing interpretations.
- Reconciliation and justice are sometimes seen as conflicting values, especially in the aftermath of conflict.
- Four categories of improvement in relationships are identified: changes in external behaviors, changes in belief, resolving negative emotions and attitudes, and adopting or resuming positive emotions and attitudes.
- The concept of forgiveness is not explicitly mentioned, but its substance can be broken down into the categories of relationship improvement.
- Different kinds of relationships are marked by distinct sets of interactions, attitudes, and expectations, as well as different norms.
- Critics question the use of relationship language in cases involving strangers, but proponents argue that conflict creates problematic relationships that need reshaping or repairing.
- Specifying which relationship is being reconciled is important, as individuals and groups can have multiple relationships that may require reconciliation.
- Reconciliation can occur between individuals, groups, and various combinations of groups, putting pressure on theorists to explain how groups can have beliefs and attitudes.
- There is disagreement among theorists about whether a general theory of reconciliation can cover all kinds and types of relationships.
- Some theorists offer accounts of reconciliation designed to cover a wide range of interpersonal and political relationships, including those among friends, co-workers, and fellow citizens.
Understanding Reconciliation: Types, Processes, and Relationships
- Reconciliation is understood as an improvement in the relationship between conflicting parties.
- The concept of reconciliation is scalar and the intensity of improvement varies in different contexts.
- The processes contributing to reconciliation are often controversial and subject to differing interpretations.
- Reconciliation and justice are sometimes seen as conflicting values, especially in the aftermath of conflict.
- Four categories of improvement in relationships are identified: changes in external behaviors, changes in belief, resolving negative emotions and attitudes, and adopting or resuming positive emotions and attitudes.
- The concept of forgiveness is not explicitly mentioned, but its substance can be broken down into the categories of relationship improvement.
- Different kinds of relationships are marked by distinct sets of interactions, attitudes, and expectations, as well as different norms.
- Critics question the use of relationship language in cases involving strangers, but proponents argue that conflict creates problematic relationships that need reshaping or repairing.
- Specifying which relationship is being reconciled is important, as individuals and groups can have multiple relationships that may require reconciliation.
- Reconciliation can occur between individuals, groups, and various combinations of groups, putting pressure on theorists to explain how groups can have beliefs and attitudes.
- There is disagreement among theorists about whether a general theory of reconciliation can cover all kinds and types of relationships.
- Some theorists offer accounts of reconciliation designed to cover a wide range of interpersonal and political relationships, including those among friends, co-workers, and fellow citizens.
Test your understanding of reconciliation with this quiz covering types, processes, and relationships. Explore the complexities of reconciliation, its varying intensity, and controversial processes. Delve into the interplay between reconciliation and justice, and examine different categories of relationship improvement. Challenge your knowledge on reconciliation in various relationships and gain insights into conflicting perspectives among theorists.
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