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Recombinant DNA Technology

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Questions and Answers

What is the significance of methylated or glucosylated nucleotides in DNA marking?

They serve as distinct markers for specific sites on the DNA (correct)

They interfere with the coding and replicating functions of DNA

They prevent degradation of DNA in the recipient cell

They are essential for the action of restriction enzymes

What is the main function of restriction enzymes in DNA cloning technology?

To catalyze the fusion of foreign DNA to isolated plasmids

To discriminate between foreign DNA and self DNA based on host-specific markings (correct)

To degrade foreign DNA in the recipient cell

To repair DNA molecules that escaped from restriction enzyme action

How does a restriction enzyme recognize DNA that is not properly marked for the recipient cell?

By cutting the DNA at specific sites (correct)

By catalyzing the fusion of DNA to plasmids

By degrading the entire DNA molecule

By repairing the marking on the DNA

What distinguishes restriction endonucleases from other nucleases present in nature?

They only cleave DNA at very specific sites Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario might some DNA molecules escape the action of restriction enzymes?

When the DNA eludes the proper marking for recognition Signup and view all the answers

Why did attempts to manipulate the genetic properties of various cells by adding foreign DNA fail initially?

Only a limited number of bacterial species can spontaneously take up DNA. Signup and view all the answers

What criteria must foreign DNA meet to be maintained in a cell after being taken up from the outside?

It must be able to replicate autonomously or be integrated in the recipient genome. Signup and view all the answers

What are replicons in the context of recombinant DNA technology?

DNA molecules able to maintain themselves by autonomous replication. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a type of vector used for carrying foreign DNA fragments?

Fungi Signup and view all the answers

Why did the genetic modification of organisms become feasible with the development of recombinant DNA technologies?

Recombinant DNA technologies allowed autonomous replication of any DNA fragment. Signup and view all the answers