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Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of restriction endonuclease enzymes in recombinant DNA technology?
What is the primary role of restriction endonuclease enzymes in recombinant DNA technology?
Which of the following statements accurately describes a cloning vector?
Which of the following statements accurately describes a cloning vector?
In which step of recombinant DNA technology are transformed cells separated from non-transformed cells?
In which step of recombinant DNA technology are transformed cells separated from non-transformed cells?
What is the purpose of introducing the rDNA molecule into a suitable host cell?
What is the purpose of introducing the rDNA molecule into a suitable host cell?
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What generally occurs during the expression and multiplication step of recombinant DNA technology?
What generally occurs during the expression and multiplication step of recombinant DNA technology?
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Study Notes
Steps in Recombinant DNA Technology
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Selection and Isolation of DNA Insert: The first step is selecting a specific DNA segment (target DNA) to be cloned. This segment is then isolated enzymatically.
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Selection of Suitable Cloning Vector: A self-replicating DNA molecule, called a cloning vector, is chosen to integrate the DNA insert. Common vectors include plasmids and bacteriophages.
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Introduction of DNA Insert into Vector to Form rDNA Molecule: The target DNA (or DNA insert) is extracted and cut enzymatically by restriction enzymes. The resulting fragments are joined (ligated) to the vector DNA using an enzyme called ligase, creating a recombinant DNA (rDNA) molecule (also called cloning-vector-insert DNA construct).
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Recombinant DNA Molecule into a Suitable Host: The rDNA is introduced into selected host cells (often bacterial cells like E. coli, though yeast and fungi can be used). This introduction process is called transformation.
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Selection of Transformed Host Cells: Transformed cells that have taken up the rDNA molecule are separated from non-transformed cells using marker genes. Various methods are used for this separation.
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Expression and Multiplication of DNA Insert in the Host: The foreign DNA expresses its desired characteristics within the host cells. The transformed host cells are multiplied to yield numerous copies. These genes may be transferred to other organisms, if needed.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential steps and processes involved in recombinant DNA technology. Learn about the selection and isolation of DNA, the use of cloning vectors, and the transformation into host cells. Get ready to test your understanding of this crucial biotechnological method.
