Recognizing Common Sounds

Sounds

• Bubbling refers to the sound of gas or air moving through a liquid
• Ping is a short, high-pitched sound, like a digital notification or metal being struck
• Screech translates to "auto frena rápido"
• Whirring is a sound produced by something spinning, such as drones or helicopters
• Squeaking is the sound of a door
• Humming is a sound of vibration, used to describe voices or electronic devices
• Crash occurs when something falls or during a car accident
• Bang is the sound of something being struck by an object
• Rustle is a soft sound, like leaves or paper moving
• Boom is the sound of an explosion
• Howl is a sound made by wolves or dogs, also known as "aullido"
• Grind describes mechanized sounds or metal against metal
• Whining is the sound of a person complaining
• Whimpering expresses sadness and is often used for an injured or sad animal or person
• Crunch is a crisp sound, like biting an apple, stepping on dry leaves, or crushing snacks
• Splash is the sound of water or liquid
• Thud is the sound of a heavy object striking the ground
• Chirping is the sound of birds singing
• Whoosh is the sound of a fast object passing rapidly
• Hissing is the sound of air escaping, like from a punctured tire
• Puffing is the sound of inhalation when someone is out of breath
• Clang is the sound of a bell
• Tinkling is the sound of small bells or water dripping into a pool
• Clatter is the sound when dishes, tools, or metal objects fall or come together

Break (Expressions)

• Breakthrough means realizing something
• Break off means being interrupted
• Break in means entering a house illegally
• Break the news means revealing what happened
• Break down means a car is not working
• Breakneck speed means super fast
• Break the ice means starting a conversation in a relaxed way
• Break up means ending a relationship
• Break his heart means causing someone emotional pain

Preposition: OUT

• Get out and about means to go out for a walk
• Out of character means behaving differently
• Out of the way means not in the path or set apart
• Out of breath means tired or without air
• Out of range means beyond reach
• Out of all proportion means exaggerated
• Out of order means not working or out of service
• Out on strike means on strike
• Out of my control means beyond one's control

Preposition: ON

• On my retirement means when one retires
• On a regular basis means frequently
• On loan means borrowed
• On the premises means inside the place
• On good terms means in good relationship
• On the verge of means on the edge of something
• On average means in average
• On purpose means intentionally

Common Phrases

• Give you the right to means granting someone the right to do something
• Chances are indicates possibilities or probabilities
• Beyond a shadow of a doubt means there is no doubt
• For all you know means as far as you know
• Do with / without refers to something useful, necessary, or appreciated
• As far as it goes means to a certain point

See (Expresiones)

• See it through means to finish something or carry it to the end
• See better days means old or in poor condition
• See the last of somebody refers to a person or thing you will not see again
• See eye to eye means to agree or coincide
• See the funny side means to see the humorous side
• See red means to be very angry
• See my way means if you are willing to
• See a lot means to see often or frequent
• See things means to hallucinate
• See the light means to find a solution

Get (Expresiones)

• Get the sack means to be fired
• Get you down means to depress or discourage
• Get away from means to ignore or escape
• Get away with means to get away with it
• Get your own back means to get revenge
• Get shoddy means of poor quality or defective
• Get up speed means to accelerate
• Get hold of means to contact or find someone
• Get it straight means to understand or agree
• Get away with murder means to do whatever you want or get away with it without consequences

Colour (Expresiones)

• Green with envy means extremely envious
• Blue moon means rarely
• Browned off means tired or exhausted
• Out of the blue means unexpectedly
• White collar workers refers to high-class workers or office workers
• Paint the town red means to celebrate in a big way
• He is still green means immature or lacking experience
• Blue in the face means saturated or tired of insisting
• Fall into the red means financial problems or being in debt

Come

• Come out on strike means to strike
• Come under pressure means under pressure
• Come into a fortune means to inherit
• Come to light means discovered or revealed
• Come down in the world means losing status or social position
• Come to realize means to become aware
• Come into force means to come into effect

Verbs of Movement

• Dash is defined as moving quickly
• Slank is defined as moving like a ninja
• Ramble is defined as walking to kill time
• Alight is defined as descending from a transport
• Limped is defined as to limp
• Trundled is defined as moving something heavy
• Strolling is defined as walking for pleasure or to have a good time
• Trudged is defined as heavy steps
• Slipped is defined as to slip
• Skid is defined as to skid or slide

Wood and Metals

• Beam is a long, strong piece of wood or metal used to support a building's roof or structure
• Pole is a long, cylindrical object made of wood or metal, used vertically
• Plank is a long, flat, thick piece of wood used for flooring or bridges
• Stick is a thin branch or piece of wood, smaller and lighter
• Trunk is the thick main stem of a tree
• Girder is a large iron or steel beam used in construction for bridges and buildings
• Post is a vertical piece of wood or metal fixed to the ground
• Rod is a thin, straight piece of material often used for fishing, measuring, or holding
• Twig is a very small, thin branch
• Wand is a thin stick associated with magic or symbolic authority

Summary Writing: Steps

• Read the question first to understand the specific information being asked
• Read the text carefully, first for a general idea, then again to highlight key information
• Highlight relevant points that directly answer the summary question, aiming for about 10 points
• Group related ideas into logical groups to organize the summary
• Paraphrase the points in your own words, using synonyms and changing sentence structure
• Be Concise - keep the summary short and focused, sticking to a word limit if there is one
• Structure and flow - make sure sentences connect smoothly and write clearly and logically
• Double-check that you included only relevant info, stayed within the word limit, and paraphrased effectively
• Timing - Allocate time effectively to tasks
• Presentation - write neatly

Antarctica Example

• Living in Antarctica is challenging due to the harsh environment
• Temperatures drop dangerously low, with risks of frostbite and hypothermia
• Violent winds can damage shelters and make travel impossible
• Supplies are limited, necessitating careful food rationing
• Isolation and lack of sunlight in winter can lead to depression or insomnia
• Transport is unreliable, making evacuation or delivery of goods difficult
• Limited communication exacerbates feelings of loneliness
• Constant use of protective gear can be uncomfortable
• Even basic tasks are more difficult, and the body tires quickly

"Chained to the Rhythm" Song Analysis

• The song seems like a fun dance track, but carries a deeper message about societal issues
• The lyrics reveal that many people are trapped in a routine, distracted by entertainment, shopping, and comfort
• The song is a message for listeners to recognize real-life problems and strive for change

Key Literary Devices - Metaphors

• "Living in a bubble" suggests self-isolation from broader issues
• "Chained to the rhythm" compares routine behavior to physical restriction
• "Rose-colored glasses" invokes an overly optimistic filter that prevents engagement with reality
• Other images emphasize a life on autopilot, critiquing societal passivity

Key Literary Devices - Irony

• Irony is where the intended meaning is opposite to the literal one
• Verbal irony uses sarcasm, lines delivered in an ironic tone
• Situational irony happens when the expected outcome differs greatly from the actual event
• Dramatic irony occurs when the audience is aware of implications that characters do not realize

Relevant Vocabulary

• Chained implies restricted freedom
• Bubble describes a closed-off, sheltered existence
• Distortion reflects how narratives obscure reality
• Utopia ironically suggests emptiness behind seemingly perfect lifestyles
• Happily numb conveys emotional or intellectual disengagement
• Tone deaf suggests ignorance of problems even when evidence is present

Photocopy Questions

• The worksheet reinforces irony through examples
• Situational irony is exemplified by the contrast between cheerful music
• An example: a police station getting robbed is situational irony
• Dramatic irony involves the listener recognizing the call to examine their own complacency
• Verbal irony employs lines like "We think we're free" to criticize societal apathy
• Parallels can be drawn with irony, challenging people to look beyond superficial realities

Final Integrated Summary

• Katy Perry’s pop tune uses literary devices to scrutinize modern society's preoccupations
• Metaphors create imagery around lives that are seemingly free
• Verbal irony shows contradictions; situational irony highlights catchy tunes with commentary
• Dramatic irony leaves the listener exposed to lifestyle critique
• Vocabulary reveals how language can mask reality
• Recognizing these techniques encourages breaking free of passive routines and taking a closer look at the world