Real Numbers and Logic
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Questions and Answers

Is the sum of two irrational numbers always irrational? Provide a counterexample to support your answer.

No, the sum of two irrational numbers is not always irrational. A counterexample is √2 + (-√2) = 0, which is a rational number.

Prove that the product of two rational numbers is always rational.

Let a and b be two rational numbers. Then, a = p/q and b = r/s, where p, q, r, and s are integers and q, s ≠ 0. The product ab = (p/q) × (r/s) = (pr)/(qs), which is a rational number.

If p → q is true, and q is false, what can be concluded about p?

If p → q is true, and q is false, then p must be false. This is because if p were true, then p → q would imply that q is true, which contradicts the given fact that q is false.

Is the statement 'All real numbers are rational numbers' true or false? Justify your answer.

<p>The statement is false. A counterexample is π, which is a real number but not a rational number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If it is not true that 'All rectangle are squares', what can be concluded?

<p>If it is not true that 'All rectangles are squares', then there exists at least one rectangle that is not a square.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Irrational and Rational Numbers

  • The sum of two irrational numbers is not always irrational.
  • A counterexample to this statement is the sum of √2 and -√2, which equals 0, a rational number.

Rational Number Product

  • The product of two rational numbers is always rational.
  • This is because the product of two fractions with integer numerators and denominators will always result in another fraction with integer numerators and denominators.

Conditional Statements

  • If p → q is true, and q is false, then p must also be false.
  • This is because the conditional statement p → q implies that if p is true, then q must also be true; if q is false, then p cannot be true.

Real and Rational Numbers

  • The statement 'All real numbers are rational numbers' is false.
  • This is because there are real numbers that are not rational, such as π and e, which cannot be expressed as fractions.

Rectangle and Square

  • If it is not true that 'All rectangles are squares', then it can be concluded that there exist rectangles that are not squares.
  • This is because the statement implies that not all rectangles have the additional property of having all sides of equal length, which defines a square.

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Test your understanding of real numbers and logical reasoning with these questions on irrational and rational numbers, and logical conclusions.

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