Reading and Writing Techniques

The central argument of a text.

Statements that explain and expand the main idea.

How a text is organized to help the reader follow information and ideas.

Symbols used to separate sentences and parts of sentences.

The use of uppercase letters to emphasize words in a sentence.

The logical connection between sentences in a text.

A statement an author discusses, explains, or proves in writing.

A statement about whether something is true or false.

A fact that can be proven by observation.

A fact that is true by definition or logic.

A fact that is supported by laws, local and international, usually giving order.

A fact verified by revelatory evidence or self-evidence.

A statement suggesting an action to solve a problem.

A statement directly stated.

A statement suggested, but not directly stated.

Unfair choices in hiring, performance reviews, or advancement that favor one group over another.

A group of African American women who were critical to the success of numerous space missions, including Apollo 11.

A pioneering African American computer programmer who became the first African American manager at NACA.

NASA's first African American female engineer.

A gifted mathematician whose calculations were essential for space missions, including Apollo 11.

Discrimination and segregation in the workplace, limiting opportunities for people of color and women.

Actively recruiting and considering candidates from underrepresented groups.

Educating employees to recognize and reduce unconscious biases.

Embracing different backgrounds, experiences, and thought processes for more innovative solutions.

Language that uses figures of speech to create vivid imagery and deeper meanings, going beyond literal interpretations.

A figure of speech that makes a direct comparison between two unlike things, without using 'like' or 'as.'

A figure of speech that compares two unlike things using 'like' or 'as.'

The use of symbols, objects, characters, or actions to represent abstract ideas or concepts.

The repeated use of words, phrases, or sentence structures to emphasize a particular idea or create a specific effect.

The use of vivid language to create mental pictures for the reader.

The author's emotional attitude toward the subject matter, conveyed through their language choices.

The arrangement of words and phrases in a sentence, influencing the overall style and impact.

An environment where all employees feel valued, respected, and empowered to contribute, regardless of their background or identity.

The influence of seeing people of diverse identities succeed in STEM fields, inspiring the next generation to pursue STEM careers.

Obstacles that exist within systems and institutions, preventing equitable opportunities for marginalized groups in STEM.

Subtle, often unconscious, comments or behaviors that marginalize people of color.

A reading technique focusing on the author's use of words, phrases, and literary devices to understand the text's deeper meaning.

Examining the author's word choice and how it shapes the meaning and tone of the text.

Studying the structure of sentences and how they convey the writer's style.

Literary devices used to persuade, evoke emotions, or create vivid imagery in writing.

The original text to be translated. It's the text in the source language.

The translated version of the source text. It's the final product in the target language.

The goal of translation to ensure the meaning and content of the source text are effectively conveyed in the target text.

When the structure and language of the source text are preserved as closely as possible in the target text.

Translation that focuses on creating the same effect or reader experience in the target text as the source text had.

The level of formality or informality in the language used in translation, adapting to the target audience.

The attitude or feeling conveyed by the language in translation, reflecting the author's perspective.

The distinct characteristics of a writer's or speaker's language, including their choices of vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure.