Read Aloud Study on Vocabulary Learning

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Questions and Answers

How does existing knowledge affect text comprehension?

It hinders engagement with the text.

It facilitates comprehension by linking new and existing knowledge. (correct)

It only matters for independent readers.

It makes the reading process more challenging.

What did Kaefer, Neuman, and Pinkham (2015) find in their study with four-year-old children?

Children with more topic knowledge showed stronger listening comprehension. (correct)

Background knowledge negatively impacted listening comprehension.

All children demonstrated equal comprehension regardless of background knowledge.

Children were unable to access prior knowledge during read-alouds.

What strategy improved reading comprehension in second graders according to Hansen (1981)?

Memorizing vocabulary words in advance.

Accessing related prior knowledge before reading. (correct)

Reading without prior preparation.

Engaging in word games prior to reading.

What is the relationship between existing knowledge and incidental vocabulary learning?

Knowledge enables readers to use context to infer meanings of unknown words. Signup and view all the answers

Why is incidental vocabulary learning significant for literacy development?

It contributes to word knowledge largely acquired while reading. Signup and view all the answers

What does the research imply about the instructional potential of knowledge and comprehension relationships?

The research remains largely descriptive without practical application. Signup and view all the answers

What role does knowledge play in helping readers manage cognitive resources?

It eases comprehension, freeing resources for understanding unknown words. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential benefit of relevant background knowledge during reading?

It facilitates incidental word learning from the text. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the goals of the study regarding knowledge-building read aloud experiences?

To support incidental vocabulary building Signup and view all the answers

How did students who read CC texts perform compared to the comparison group?

They showed greater recall but not better reading comprehension. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the participants in the study?

First- and second-grade students from a primary school Signup and view all the answers

What were the characteristics of the classrooms involved in the study?

They were heterogeneously grouped and randomly assigned. Signup and view all the answers

What subjects were the texts about in the CC treatment group?

Concepts related to birds Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of students in the school was eligible for free or reduced lunch?

34% Signup and view all the answers

What language skills were assessed in the study?

Children's incidental acquisition of vocabulary and listening comprehension Signup and view all the answers

How many read aloud sessions were included in the instructional intervention?

Six sessions over three days Signup and view all the answers

What does the study suggest about CC read alouds?

They may enhance learning opportunities in read alouds. Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is crucial for text comprehension according to the findings?

Knowledge related to the text topic. Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome regarding CC participants' listening comprehension?

They had stronger comprehension for passages that included concepts and vocabulary from their text set. Signup and view all the answers

How do theoretical models explain text comprehension?

They emphasize that existing knowledge is activated and integrated with new information. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key finding regarding knowledge-building and literacy development?

Knowledge-building through read alouds may support literacy development. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of texts were used in the study to support incidental vocabulary learning?

Conceptually-related texts (CC). Signup and view all the answers

What was lacking in primary grade literacy instruction according to the findings?

Limited understanding of read alouds' effectiveness for knowledge-building. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern regarding students' preexisting knowledge in relation to reading comprehension?

Students may lack access to knowledge that supports comprehension. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the study focused on first and second graders?

Early literacy development is crucial and needs exploration. Signup and view all the answers

How do CC read alouds differ from traditional read alouds?

They are designed to support knowledge-building through conceptually-related texts. Signup and view all the answers

What approach is recommended to support children's vocabulary and knowledge development?

Read alouds of text sets on the same topic. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of the study examining fourth graders' independent reading?

The impact of conceptually-coherent texts on learning. Signup and view all the answers

What outcome was observed among students who read conceptually-coherent texts compared to those who read unrelated texts?

They learned concepts and showed more incidental word learning. Signup and view all the answers

What challenge is noted regarding multi-component interventions in literacy?

It's hard to isolate the effects of specific components. Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of building knowledge through literacy instruction?

It may enhance incidental vocabulary learning and comprehension. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential outcome of repeated encounters with a word set according to the research?

Enhanced vocabulary and knowledge development. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary purpose of adapting the texts discussed in the NCC condition?

To equate length and readability while focusing on core concepts. Signup and view all the answers

How often did each general academic word appear across the texts in each condition?

Six times. Signup and view all the answers

What defines a 'fledgling' according to the definitions provided?

A bird that has just left the nest. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the functions of feathers in birds as described in the content?

To provide insulation, shade, and protection. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Conceptually Coherent (CC) Treatment?

It is focused on unrelated subjects. Signup and view all the answers

Why were general academic words defined using familiar terms?

To ensure clarity and understanding. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary example of a topic discussed in the texts?

Coral reefs. Signup and view all the answers

What role did classroom teachers play during the three days of reading?

They read different books to different classes. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Conceptually Coherent (CC) Read Aloud Study

The study examined the effect of read alouds using Conceptually Coherent (CC) texts on young learners' incidental vocabulary learning and listening comprehension.
The study compared the effects of read alouds using CC texts to the effects of read alouds using Non-Conceptually Coherent (NCC) texts.
The CC texts focused on a single central concept, with repeated exposure to related vocabulary and concepts throughout the texts.
The NCC texts covered a variety of unrelated topics.
The study used target words (conceptually central vocabulary and general academic words) embedded within the texts.
The participants were first- and second-grade students from a rural school district in the United States.
The study randomly assigned participants to CC or NCC groups.

Intervention

The intervention involved three days of read-aloud sessions, each day consisting of two read alouds.
The CC group received six read alouds on a single concept (birds), while the NCC group received six read alouds on various topics (bees, glaciers, wolves, coral reefs, thunderstorms, and the sun).

Results

The study found larger effect sizes favoring the CC group on learning conceptually central target words.
There were no significant differences between the CC and NCC groups on learning general academic words or on listening comprehension passages.
The CC participants demonstrated stronger listening comprehension of passages that contained concepts and vocabulary from their CC text set.

Implications

Findings suggest that CC read alouds can be a valuable tool to enhance learning opportunities during read alouds for young learners.
The study provides evidence that building background knowledge through read alouds can support vocabulary acquisition and comprehension.
The study emphasizes the importance of designing reading instruction to explicitly build knowledge, particularly in the early grades.

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Description

This study investigates the impact of Conceptually Coherent (CC) texts on vocabulary learning and listening comprehension among first and second-grade students. It compares the effects of CC texts, which emphasize a single central concept, with Non-Conceptually Coherent (NCC) texts, which cover unrelated topics, through a structured intervention of read-aloud sessions.