Reactive Intermediates: Carbocations and Hybridization
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for the increased stability of aromatic compounds?

  • High bond angles due to steric hindrance
  • Resonance stabilization due to delocalization of π electrons (correct)
  • Higher bond energy due to multiple bonds between carbons
  • Increased electron-nucleus attraction due to high electronegativity of carbon
  • What is the bond length of each C-C bond in benzene?

  • 1.39 Å (correct)
  • 1.50 Å
  • 1.34 Å
  • 1.44 Å
  • Who is credited with discovering benzene?

  • Friedrich Wöhler
  • August Kekulé
  • Michael Faraday (correct)
  • Johannes Wislicenus
  • What is the approximate bond angle in benzene?

    <p>120°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic shape of aromatic compounds like benzene?

    <p>Planar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What inspired August Kekulé to propose the correct structure of benzene?

    <p>A dream about a serpent eating its own tail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of having more s character in the hybrid orbitals of an atom?

    <p>The atom becomes more electronegative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a positively charged carbon atom with a valence of +3?

    <p>Carbenium ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the scientist who proposed the nomenclature for carbocations?

    <p>G.A. Olah</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the number of electrons in the outer valence shell of a carbocation?

    <p>Sextet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction type in which carbocations are involved as reactive intermediates?

    <p>SN1 and E1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the ion whose NMR spectrum was published by Doering et al. in 1958?

    <p>Heptamethylbenzenium ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of homoaromatic compounds?

    <p>Presence of a single sp3 hybridized carbon atom interrupting conjugation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary condition for a molecule to exhibit homoaromaticity?

    <p>One or more homoconjugative interactions closing cyclic conjugation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a characteristic of homoaromatic compounds?

    <p>Presence of a carbocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between aromatic and homoaromatic compounds?

    <p>Presence of an sp3 hybridized carbon atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a criterion for homoaromaticity?

    <p>Effective overlap between the π-orbitals of the cyclic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of homoaromatic compounds?

    <p>They display aromatic behavior despite an sp3 hybridized carbon atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

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